英语修辞ppt.pptVIP

Personification A trope or figure of speech (generally considered a type of metaphor) in which an inanimate object or abstraction is given human qualities or abilities. The night, like some great loving mother, gently lays her hand at our fevered head, and turns our little tear---stained face to hers, and smiles, and, though she does not speak, we know that she would say and lay our hot, flushed cheek against her bosom and the pain is gone. 夜像一个慈祥伟大的母亲，轻轻地把她的手放在我们的额头上，把我们沾满泪水的小脸扭向她的面孔，微笑着，虽然她不说话，但我们知道她会说些什么。她把我们烧得发烫的面颊靠在她的胸上，疼痛也就消失了。 Hyperbole A way of speaking or writing that makes sth sound better , more exciting, dangerous, etc. than it really is. . For she is beautiful----her beauty made the bright world dim, and everything beside seemed like the fleeting image of shade. 因为她太漂亮了----她的美使光灿的世界黯然失色，是他身边的一切如同过眼云烟。 Euphemism An indirect word or phrase that people often use to refer to sth embarrassing or unpleasant , sometimes to make it seem more acceptable than it usually is. 在现实生活中，有一些事物或行为不宜过于直率地表达出来，于是用一种不明说的，能使人感到愉快的或含糊的说法，代替具有令人不悦的含义或不够尊敬的表达方法。 Pick a daisy 方便 Sanitary engineer 清洁工 Meat technologist 屠夫 death To pass away（离开） To depart（离开） To go to sleep（长眠） To go to heaven（上西天） To be no more（不在了） To join the majority（加入了大多数） To go to glory expire（去了光荣的国度） Corpse（垮了） Kick the bucket（蹬腿） Breathe one’s last（停止了呼吸） Sarcasm Irony Innuendo 三者在进行讽刺嘲弄时，程度有所不同,innuendo是用委婉曲折、含蓄暗示的方法说反话，以减少话语的刺激性，避免引起讽刺对象的不快。 E.g.: after three days in Japan, the spinal column becomes extraordinarily flexible.(把习惯鞠躬说成是脊梁骨灵活，十分幽默有趣） Sarcasm则直截了当，单刀直入，是辛辣的讽刺，尖刻的挖苦，故意伤害讽刺对象。 E.g.: laws are like cobwebs, which may catch small files, but let wasps break through.（法律像蜘蛛网一样，能捉住小苍蝇，却让胡风，黄蜂钻进去。把法律比喻成蜘蛛网来讽刺当时法律的不公正） Irony基于二者之间，而且irony并非全是讽刺，有时为了造成活泼的调子和幽默诙谐情趣。 What a noble illustration of the tender laws of his favored country!---they let the paupers go to sleep.（他们竟然让穷人去睡觉这是一个高尚的例证说明他那行善的国家的法律史多么的仁慈） Group three Antithesis 对照 1 Contrast 对比 2 Parallelism 平行 3 Antithesis（对照