高等桥梁课题报告.docVIP

学 号： 课程论文 题 目 公路和铁路钢桥疲劳研究 学 院 专 业 班 级 姓 名 指导教师 2014 年 1 月 14 日 公路和铁路钢桥疲劳研究 摘 要：介绍了国外公路桥梁荷载谱以及我国各省标准疲劳车的推导过程。通过对简支梁影响线按照各个规范规定的荷载谱加载计算得到等效弯矩，并对其进行内力幅的比较分析，为桥梁疲劳设计时荷载选用提供理论基础。发现对于影响线较短的小跨径桥梁而言，轴重的变异系数比车重的变异系数更大；而对于影响线较长的大跨度桥梁而言，车重的变异系数比轴重的变异系数大。为了更进一步证实理论研究的合理性，通过一个工程实例，进行了各国标准疲劳车的比较分析。结合理论和实例的结论，最终确定了适合我国交通荷载的标准疲劳车。并且通过与英国BS5400规范规定的标准疲劳车所做的损伤度比较，表明我国推导出来的标准疲劳车是适合我国国情的，可为今后的桥梁疲劳设计奠定理论基础，具有现实的指导意义。本文也介绍了在解决铁路钢桥疲劳设计研究中的主要成果，其中包括铁路疲劳荷载及标准荷载效应比频谱的制定，疲劳抗力的研究。平衡各个构造细节的疲劳功能要求，对铁路钢桥的安全与经济都十分重要。 关键词:公路桥梁；铁路钢桥；疲劳设计荷载；比较分析；疲劳；可靠度理论 Abstract:The foreign roads and bridges as well as our provincial standard load spectrum fatigue car derivation. Charpy impact through the line in accordance with the specification of each load spectrum calculated equivalent load moment, and its comparative analysis of internal forces increase, the load to provide a theoretical basis for the choice of bridge fatigue design. For shorter lines found little impact on long-span bridges, axle load of the vehicle heavier than the coefficient of variation coefficient of variation greater; while longer influence lines for the purpose of large-span bridges, vehicle weight coefficient of variation than the axle load coefficient of variation. To further confirm the reasonableness of theoretical research, through an engineering example, a comparative analysis of national standards fatigue cars. Combination of theory and examples of conclusions, and ultimately determine the appropriate standard of traffic load fatigue car. And the degree of damage with the British Standard BS5400 specification fatigue cars made ?comparison shows that our standards derived fatigue car is suited to Chinas national conditions, to lay the theoretical foundation for future bridge fatigue design, with practical guidance.This paper also presents the main results of the study and solve the fatigue design of steel bridges railway, including the formulation of the spectrum tha