Chapter 15 International Payment.docVIP

Chapter 15 International Payment §1 Instrument of payment Ⅰ . Bills of exchange(draft/exchange) 汇票 顺汇：票据的流通方向与资金的流通方向（付款方向）相同。如汇付 。 逆汇：票据的流通方向与资金的流通方向相反。如托收、信用证付款。 例：在国贸中，Co.A是债务人，Co.B是债权人，A向B借款10万元，B向A索款，但A当时无力偿还，同时A是C的债权人，A开一张汇票给B，B可持汇票向C索款。由此解决了两笔债务问题。因此，逆汇在国贸中可解决债务连带问题。 1 . Definition of bill of exchange A bill of exchange (or draft as it is sometimes called)is a written , dated and signed instrument that contains an unconditional order from the drawer that directs the drawee to pay a definite sum of money to a payee on demand or at a specified future date. 汇票是一个人向另一个人签发的，要求见票时或在将来的固定时间，或可以确定的时间 A(出票人) C(受票人)， 付 款 时 间 对某人或其指定的人或持票人支付一定金额的无条件的书面支付命令 B(受 款 人) 无条件：只能用Pay ，不能用Please Pay。 书 面：不能口头表达，不能用铅笔填写。 L/C中，汇票主要是起一个付款凭证的作用。 2.Contents of bills of exchange (1) Indicating the word “draft” or “exchange” (2) An unconditioned order in writing书面的无条件的支付命令 (3) Certain amount (4) Payer’s ( drawee’s ) name, usually the buyer or its nominated bank (5) Date and place of issue出票日期与地点 (6) Signature of the drawer, usually the seller 3.Acts of bills of exchange汇票的使用 present Drawer issue payee payer accept, pay (1) Issue出票The drawer draws and signs and delivers it to the payee. 出票人填写汇票的有关项目，经签字后交给受票人的行为。 (2) Presentment提示持票人将汇票提交付款人要求承兑或付款的行为。分为两种：承兑提示（ presentation for acceptance）、付款提示(presentation for payment)。 (3) Acceptance承兑 远期汇票的付款人见到汇票后表示到期一定付款，以书面形式在汇票上注明“Accepted”，并签名，承兑后便于流通转让，承兑后法律地位也发生了变化。 (4) Payment付款 (5) Endorsement背书 (6) Dishonor and recourse拒付/退票和追索权 (7) Protest拒付证书 4.Types of bills of exchange (1) According to who is the drawer根据出票人的不同 ①Trade draft 商业汇票 ② Banker’s draft银行汇票 (2) According to whether the shipping documents are attached or not根据有无随附商业单据 ① Clean draft光票 ② Documentary draft跟单汇票 (3) Acco