debate来自别国的干涉.doc

Part1.美国米歇尔计划对欧洲战后重建的支持 时代背景 Time background 在战争结束六年后，大半个欧洲依然难以从数百万人的死伤中平复。战火遍及了欧洲大陆的大部分，所涉及的地域面积远大于第一次世界大战。持续的轰炸使绝大多数大城市遭到了严重破坏，特别是它们的工业生产。欧洲大陆上的许多著名城市，例如华沙和柏林，已成为一片废墟。而其它城市，如伦敦与鹿特丹，也遭受了严重的破坏。这些地区与经济生产相关的建筑大多化为一片瓦砾，数百万人无家可归。虽然外援使1944年的荷兰饥荒有所缓解，但战争对农业的破坏还是导致了欧洲大陆许多地方出现了大面积的饥饿，而1946-1947年欧洲西北部罕见的寒冬又使这一情况进一步恶化。所受破坏最为严重的是交通运输设施，战争中铁路、桥梁以及道路都成为了对方空袭的目标，而进行运输的商船也常常被击沉。西欧的中小城镇和村庄所受的毁坏程度基本上较轻，但交通运输的破坏还是使这些地区的经济与外界的联系几近断绝。这些问题的解决都需要耗费大量财力，而此时大多数陷入战争的国家的国库已被消耗殆尽了。 Six years later at the end of the war, the better part of a European is still difficult to calm from the millions of deaths. War throughout most of the continent, involved in the geographical area is far greater than the first world war. Continuous bombing of make the most of the city suffered serious damage, especially in the industrial production of them. The many famous city on the European continent, Warsaw, and Berlin, for example, has become the ruins. While other cities such as London and Rotterdam, also suffered serious damage. Most of these areas related to economic production building into piles of bricks and left millions homeless. Although foreign aid to ease the Dutch famine of 1944, but the war damage to the agriculture and led to many parts of the continent appeared widespread hunger, and in northwest Europe in 1946-1947 rare winter and makes the situation worse. Is the worst damage from the transportation infrastructure, railways, Bridges and roads in the war have become the target from the air, and transport ships also often was sunk. Western Europes small and medium-sized towns and villages were destroyed degree basically is lighter, but the destruction of the transportation or have enabled the economy of these regions cut off from the outside world is close. The solution of these problems requires a lot of money, at a time when most into the coffers of the war the country had been exhausted. 一战后的欧洲经济也遭受了较大的破坏，大衰退一直持续到了1920年代，还造成了经济的不稳定和全球性的经济低迷。此时的美国虽然正经历孤立主义的苏醒，却还是试图促进欧洲经济的增长，特别是通过与美国几家主要银行的伙伴关系