高等固体物理课稿.ppt

Valence Bond Theory Bond = overlap of atomic orbitals (AOs) Extent of overlap = strength of bond If orbital overlapping has direction, bond will have direction Valence AOs in a molecule are different than those in unbonded atoms. HYBRIDIZATION, a mixing of AOs, produces hybrid orbitals of equal energy but hybrid character #AOs mixed = # hybrid orbitals formed Hybrid orbitals s + p + p + p = sp3 + sp3 + sp3+ sp3 head on overlap produce sigma bonds sideways overlap of unhybridized p orbitals produce pi bonds How will this affect the character of s and p bonds? Molecular Orbital Theory (MOT) E