完善水土治理监测体系现管理全面化.docVIP

完善水土治理监测体系实现管理全面化 水土保持监测指标选择的出发点和最终归宿均为水土保持监测的内容。土壤侵蚀监测核心内容即监测土壤侵蚀类型、范围、程度、强度等信息，水土保持治理监测则监测水土保持治理措施内容及治理措施对于减缓、抑制流失的发展所起的作用，即水土保持成效监测，如治理前后土壤侵蚀动态变化、环境因子、社会经济因子等的变化，通过定量指标来监测这些变化。 Soil and water conservation monitoring index of the starting point and final destination of choice for monitoring the content of soil and water conservation. The monitoring of soil erosion type, scope, extent, strength of core content of soil erosion information monitoring, monitoring to keep monitoring the growth inhibition for, loss of soil and water conservation measures and management measures of effect of soil and water, the effect of soil and water conservation monitoring, such as changes in governance and the dynamic change of soil erosion, environmental factor, social economic factors, to monitor these changes by quantitative index. 两者相辅相成，其中土壤侵蚀监测的动态变化为后者水土保持监测提供了侵蚀变化的信息，两部分内容的监测又都体现在对于一系列地表环境要素、气候要素和人为活动因子的监测，所以在实际监测过程中水土流失现状的监测与水土流失治理的监测是密不可分的，可以用同一指标体系。 The two complement each other, the dynamic changes of soil erosion monitoring provides erosion change information for soil and water conservation monitoring the latter, monitoring two parts and are reflected in the monitoring for a series of environmental factors, climatic factors and human activities factors, monitoring and management of soil and water loss so in the actual process of monitoring soil erosion status. Are inseparable, can use the same index system. 环境因素是直接影响区域土壤侵蚀的驱动因子或抑制因子，也是水土保持治理成效的客观反映，是水土保持监测首要考虑的指标因子。这其中包括自然环境因子和社会经济环境因子。 Environmental factors are directly influences the regional soil erosion factors or inhibitory factor is, objectively reflect the effect of soil and water conservation treatment, is the primary consideration factors of soil and water conservation monitoring. These include natural factors and social economic factors. 自然环境因素是土壤侵蚀发生、发展的潜在条件，由其引起的地表侵蚀过程为自然侵蚀（地质侵蚀），是地质历史时期地貌自然演化的过程。自从人类在地球上出现以来，就不断以各种活动对自然界施加影响，正常侵蚀的自然过程受到人为活动的干扰和越来越剧烈的影响，使土壤侵蚀现象由自然侵蚀状态转化为加速侵蚀状态。 Natural environmental factors