口语Tas 4 模拟题还原模板.docVIP

Task 4 真题练习 1、【课文要点】：Attribution Theory（归因理论）：对别人的行为我们解释为性格和品质，对自己的行为我们归咎为当时的情况。People usually account other people different than account for themselves. 课文节选： Attribution Theory Attribution Theory argues that all the people have a desire to find out the reasons for both our behavior and other people’s behavior. When another person has made a mistake, we will often attribute causes to that person’s internal personality factors. When we have made a mistake, we will more likely attributing causes to situational factors rather than blaming ourselves. And vice versa. We will attribute our successes to our internal personality factors and our rivals’ successes to external ‘luck’. 【教授举例】：教授自己的例子：上次他去超市买东西，排队，然后一个男的插队，他就想为什么那个人非得站他前面，他觉得那个人很自私、粗鲁he was shopping and waiting in the line, a man cut him off, and he thought the man was rude and selfish.?；但是后来他又去商店买东西，但是这次他要赶着参加一个重要会议，时间很紧，队伍又特别慢，所以他也插队了，但认为自己有赶时间的理由。He had to go an important meeting and he was in a hurry and he was trying to buy things, he cut off a woman who was going to stand in the line. He thought there was nothing wrong with himself. Same situation, he accounted himself different with other people. [北美2007.1.6] 教授讲课中文逐字稿： 好，我们已经讲过了，我们习惯于把别人的错误归咎于他们的人品，而把我们自己的错误归咎于我们当时所处的情形。下面呢，我就给大家举两个例子。这两个例子都是我自己的亲身经历。第一个事例是，有一次我去超市买东西。选完东西以后我正排队等着交款呢，这个时候，有个男的突然就夹在我前面了。我当时就想，这个人怎么这么讨厌啊，这个人一定是个自私而且没教养的人。后来，我又去了那个超市买东西。这次跟上次不一样，上次是没什么紧急事儿，所以一点儿也不着急。这次，我要赶着去开个特别重要的会。开会快迟到了。可是前面的对走得特别慢，我怕来不及了，所以我就加到前面去了。你们看，要是分析一下我对加塞者的看法，这两次是的看法是不一样的。我把别的加塞人，看成是人品有问题，而我自己加塞呢，我归咎于情况紧急。 教授讲课英文逐字稿：  2、【课文要点】：Self-Fulfilling Prophecy（自我实现预言），是指当你对未来的行为或事件预测时，就会对你行为的互动改变很大，以至于产生预期的结果。人们对其他人有期待，就会按照这种期待expectation对待其他人，其他人可以感受到，并且使期待成真。Expectation of others comes true in actions. 课文节选： Self-Fulfilling Prophecy According to the self-fulfilling prophecy, if we make a prediction of our activity, we tend to change our actions and make our prediction true. For example, If a person thinks we are clever or stupid or whatever, they