lecture11非谓语概要.ppt

非谓语 在句子中充当除谓语以外的各种句子成分的动词形式，叫做非谓语动词(the Non-Finite Verbs)。非谓语动词也是动词的一种，他们有着动词的其他特点，可以充当主语、宾语、状语等。 非谓语的分类及其在句中的作用 The Infinitive 不定式 不定式的用法： 与for连用的通常是一些表示可能性、难易程度、必要性等含义的形容词： 　　possible，impossible，easy，hard，difficult，necessary，… I have some books for you to read. (4)作定语。 下面几种情况通常用不定式做定语 表将来 The plan to arrive at 8 is from London. 修饰序数词，形容词的最高级 He is the first man to arrive and the last to leave. no,all, any,等限定词修饰的名词 I have no chance to escape. 抽象名词 ability, reason, attempt, answer, reply, promise, belife, fact ,idea... (5)作状语 表示目的、原因、结果或条件。 I came here to see you．(目的) We were very excited to hear the news． He hurried to the school to find nobody there . To look at him，you would like him． Gerund 动名词 形式 在句中的作用 1.作主语： 　　 Reading aloud is very helpful. 　Collecting stamps is interesting. 当动名词短语作主语时常用it作形式主语。 　　Its no use quarrelling. 宾语 1．作动词的宾语 　　 某些动词后出现非限定性动词时只能用动名词作宾语，不能用不定式。常见的此类动词有：admit, appreciate, excuse, stand, advise, allow, permit, avoid, consider, enjoy, finish, imagine, include, keep, understand, mind, report, risk, miss, delay, practise, resist, suggest, 如： They went on walking and never stopped talking. 　　 I found it pleasant walking along the seashore. 　　 Mark often attempts to escape being fined whenever he breaks traffic regulations. 　　　　 2．作介词的宾语 　　 We are thinking of making a new plan for the next term. Shall we have a rest or get down to doing our work? put off, depend on, think about, set about, succeed in, worry about, burst out, insist on, can‘t help, feel like, be used to, get used to, devote…to…，look forward to, pay attention to, get down to, 等。 What ‘s the chance of _____a general election this year?(05.61) A. there being B. there to be C. there be D. there going to be It is not uncommon for there___ problems of communication between the old and the young.07.63 being B. would be C. be D. to be 作表语 动名词作表语时句子主语常是表示无生命的事物的名词或what引导的名词性从句