STCW文章.doc

STCW公约（Inernational Convention on Standards of Training,Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers）最初通过时间为1978年7月7日，生效日期为1984年4月28日，公约从通过至生效历经近六年的时间。? ? STCW公约主要用于控制船员职业技术素质和值班行为，公约的实施对促进各缔约国海员素质的提高，在全球范围内保障海上人命、财产的安全和保护海洋环境，有效地控制人为因素对海难事故的影响，起到积极的作用。? ? 随着海运业的发展，船舶科技水平的提高，船舶配员的多国化，各国对海上安全和海洋环境的严重关注，以及一段时期内全球范围内发生几次比较重大的海难事故，和通过对事故的统计分析，得出事故的发生有80%左右是人为因素所造成的。所以IMO在对其他公约进行不断修改的同时，也对STCW公约进行修改。1993年IMO着手对STCW公约进行全面的修改，在STCW公约签字日十七周年的1995年7月7日，通过了1995年STCW公约修正案和STCW规则，即目前的《经1995年修正的1978年海员培训、发证和值班标准国际公约》，简称为《STCW78/95公约》，其生效日期为1997年2月1日，过渡期为5年；对于我国的生效日期为1998年8月1日，过渡期至2002年2月1日。该公约除正文条款外，其它内容都作了全面的修改，并新增设了与公约和附则相对应的更为具体的 《海员培训、发证和值班规则》（Seafares’ Training,　Certification and Watchkeeping Code, 即STCW Code, STCW规则）。 What do we hope to accomplish? Well for starters, we want to explain exactly what STCW is, and how it affects mariners. We get questions about STCW regularly.People ask for STCW training . . . not really knowing what it is. . . just that they have to get it to keep their license or Z-card. Q. Who does the STCW Code affect??A. There are 133 IMO signatory countries in the world. Every country will issue a document showing the level of mariner certification and the capacity and limitations of each. All professional mariner certifications must be STCW 95 Compliant with the exception of U.S. mariners working exclusively on inland waters or domestic near coastal waters on vessels up to 200 gross tons waters, which are exempt from the STCW requirements.? Q. What about unlicensed crewmembers?A. All professional mariners that have designated safety or pollution prevention duties (even if they are unlicensed/ non certificated) must have Basic Safety Training. This would include everyone listed on the emergency bill, also called the muster list or station bill.? Q. Which courses do I need to obtain STCW compliance?A. Please refer to the table section of this website for detailed information on the courses and sea service required to obtain STCW Compliant Licen