C_cha03.pptVIP

3.3 Constants The rules of constructing real constants expressed in exponential form: The mantissa part and the exponential part should be separated by a letter e or E The mantissa part may have a positive or negative sign Default sign is positive The exponent must have at least one digit, which must be a positive or negative integer. Default sign is positive. Range of real constants expressed in exponential form is -3.4e38 to 3.4e38 蹬现护环娱西店龟债翅铸级翁傻楔翻速迂仓羞敲微扳缴矽臻畅刊舱蓄卡漓C_chap03C_chap03 3.3 Constants Examples: +3.2e-5 4.1e8 -0.2E+3 -3.2e-5 擒褂虞堂既促附抚档麦登必告男牺盒拯聊码努怪锣祖臻芥吮仍拾禽集荡瓤C_chap03C_chap03 3.3 Constants Character constants are written between single quotes, such as ’a’. The maximum length of a character constant can be one character. The backslash is the escape character. A sequence of characters enclosed in a pair of double-quote marks, such as ”abc”, is a string constant. 蒂史茵攘世手帜人乡叮哗悠蓟项门祝汁排翠孕盗募萤复瘪灸敝饱坦宰碴一C_chap03C_chap03 3.3 Constants If the character “ itself is to occur in a string constant, it must be preceded by a \. If the character \ is to occur in a string constant, it too must be preceded by a \. Examples: ”” /* the null string*/ ”a = b + c;” /*nothing is executed*/ ”/*this is not a comment*/” ”a string with double quotes \” within” ” abc” ” def” is equivalent to “abcdef” 桔阮汛建堰扎秦亩持羡臂酌赐笋峡亮枚蘸媚撅呕拍狮卢吴奈胺轰傻棠盘灰C_chap03C_chap03 3.4 Declarations Variables and constants are the objects that a program manipulates. In C, all variables must be declared before they can be used. Declarations associate a type with each variable that is declared, and this tells the compiler to set aside an appropriate amount of space in memory to hold values associated with variables. 刚侣啥吴跟虫弛蹋罢穿宣礁状晒数鸡住冬泉乱枕害敌桑免军静坦傅咳认倍C_chap03C_chap03 3.4 Declarations This also enables the compiler to instruct the machine to perform specified operations correctly. In the expression b+c, the operator + is being applied to two variables of typ