电力专业术语英汉对照表.doc

突然损失发电机或线路：sudden loss of a generator or transmission line.8 \7 ^: t8 o/ _7 k负荷突然增加或减少：sudden load increases or decreases2 N6 H5 @- k3 s1 f h短路和开关操作：short circuits and switching operations.7 f4 E( i. H* P) j1 f. m三相和对地短路：three-phase and line-to-ground faults7 f7 M( Y {1 @0 Y2 z# B/ |9 v短路器：circuit breaker* c$ I( y# s E M) `9 N; D t; b暂态过电压和电流：transient overvoltages and currents( J% U, u! c; g; ^/ g5 W雷击：lightning strikes; q) ~, S4 T; k$ n4 i, t9 Q: ] ^电涌放电器：surge arrester) ]; z( s. W b P4 n相量：phasor，通常用复数phasors _! M9 S0 i7 n+ Z% [瞬时功率：instantaneous power; n7 ^; P1 `5 P特别地：In particular,, T) Y0 _ w7 `/ F6 x0 T正弦电压或电流：A sinusoidal voltage or current at constant frequency 2 d; `2 o/ _5 d) X$ f; D3 `) e x+ w: J; @2 e最大值：maximum value; u u5 M$ M: n6 o T1 G( t有效值：effective value0 H5 O j8 @) r: _ E. F平均值：average value( S c/ f2 E7 R y- i! W6 X! ]6 z ] F5 T坐标系实轴：real axis8 S3 J$ ~( r5 M: u* c+ ? T坐标系虚轴：imaginary axis/ B- D b: u5 i6 d. v5 w; O相量图：phasor diagram for …/ n$ b6 _3 _: ?4 D4 ?* M H( i [2 d9 c, V; }无源元件：passive elements) R0 b a |# {1 K# P电阻、电感、电容、电抗：resistor, inductor, and capacitor, reactance,; @) O+ z/ V1 M* z W感性、容性：inductive, capacitive$ M* Z# U# N$ Z3 D3 t有功功率：real power or active power. Q T8 z G. h+ V- Y无功功率：reactive power2 z2 ^/ d* i# t/ w. t9 o功率因数：power factor/ ~ B, C t% |1 V2 i Z6 ~. I功率因数角：power factor angle8 V5 A. D5 | j: r/ H( L- hA single-phase source delivers 100kW to a load operating at a power factor of 0.8 lagging.6 Z. y8 A t ?0 p* s u- P2 `; {2 q+ e# x, D物理意义：The physical significance of …9 ?$ k: x: H) T i6 p V…与…同相位：…be in phase with… j% y: c C: p+ KExample：For a purely resistive load, the current into the load is in phase with the load voltage.7 } G) M% B+ P; F N x如式（2.1）所示：As indicated by (2.1), …4 Q( i# G y N# F! b…落后(超前)…多少相位：The current lags（leads） the voltage by 90.! f1 g- v u1 r4 Z正弦稳态：sinusoidal-steady-state. D1 h X% H0 P* t1 V; ~$ _6 N x让a＝b，得到：Letting a=b gives! i* D0 Y( o ^ b C: X1 h3 H9 I ^7 z5 B