大学毕业设计—年产15万吨甲醇工艺设计.docVIP

年产15万吨甲醇工艺设计 With an Annual Production Capacity of 150 Thousand Tons of Methanol Process Design 年产15万吨甲醇工艺设计 摘要：甲醇是一种极重要的有机化工原料，也是一种燃料，是碳一化学的基础产品，在国民经济中占有十分重要的地位。近年来，随着甲醇下属产品的开发，特别是甲醇燃料的推广应用[1]，甲醇的需求大幅度上升。为了满足经济发展对甲醇的需求，开展了此15万t/a的甲醇项目。设计的主要内容是进行物料衡算、热量衡算和主要设备的计算。本设计采用低压下利用Lurgi工艺合成甲醇;三塔精馏工艺精制甲醇，并对常压精馏塔进行工艺设计，设计出塔径为1600mm、填料层高度为17800mm、塔高为25640mm的填料精馏塔;此外严格控制三废的排放，充分利用废热，降低能耗，保证人员安全与卫生。 关键词: 工艺流程；甲醇合成；气体精馏 With an Annual Production Capacity of 150 Thousand Tons of Methanol Process Design Abstract: Methanol is a kind of very important organic raw materials, also a kind of fuel and the basis of chemicals products. Methanol occupies an important position in national economy. With the development of methanol affiliate products, especially the application of methanol fuel [1], the demand of methanol is rising sparkly. In order to meet the need of economic development of methanol, we carry out the project of 150 thousand t/a methanol. The main content of design are material balance, energy balance and the design of main equipment. The Lurgri technique is used for synthesizing methanol; Methanol is refined by three towers distillation process, and this process choose to design the atmospheric distillation tower, which packing column height is 17800mm, the diameter of tower is 1600 mm, the total height is 25640mm; In addition to strictly control the “three waters” emissions, this process make full use of water heat, reduce the energy consumption and safeguard personnel safety and hygiene. Key word: technological process; methanol synthesis; the methanol distillation 引言 甲醇是当代中国煤制化学品中最具代表性的产品，产能大、使用范围广、后续产品多、大规模生产技术成熟，无疑是煤化工产业最重要的产品。 随着经济发展，燃料的需求量急速增加，导致石油匮乏，而甲醇作为一种新型燃料，进入人们的生活，迅速得到人们的关注，所以甲醇的生产对国民经济具有重大的意义。 本次设计主要对甲醇的物性、用途及国内外生产消费现状进行分析，对其现有各种生产工艺做简要介绍及比对，重点探究Lurgi工艺（管壳式甲醇合成工艺），对甲醇的生产、分离及提纯阶段精馏塔进行详细设计，分析全塔正常操作时的工作原理、影响因素、操作条件等最佳操作点，并根据物性及操作条件等综合因素对塔进行选型、设计，通过物料衡算、热量衡算做出我认为年产15万吨甲醇最理想的设计方案。 第一章 总论 1.1概述 1.1.1甲醇的性质 甲醇俗