My Linuistics2.pptVIP

1 Phonetics ＆ Phonology The organization of grammar The phonic medium of language Speech sound ----- phone Articulate----articulation Obstruct ----obstruction Vibrate ----vibration Phonetics Phonetics: the study of the phonic medium of language: it is concerned with all the sounds that occur in the world’s languages.（是指对语言的语音媒介进行的研究，它关注语言世界中的所有语音） the sound used for human communication The branches of phonetics Articulatory phonetics: the study of how speech sounds are made, or articulated.（发音语音学） Acoustic phonetics: deals with the physical properties of speech as sound waves in the air.（听觉语音学） Auditory (or perceptual) phonetics: deals with the perception, via the ear, of speech sounds.（声学语音学） Of the three branches of phonetics,? the longest established,? and until recently the most highly developed,? is (? ? ? ) phonetics.A. auditory? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? B. acoustic? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? C. articulatory? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? D. none of the above three Organs of speech （发音器官） Vibration of the cords Voiceless:清音 when the vocal cords are spread apart, the air from the lungs passes between them unimpeded. Voiced (Voicing): 浊音when the vocal cords声带 are drawn together, the air from the lungs repeated pushes them apart as it passes through, creating a vibration effect. 1. Of all the speech organs, the ___ is/are the most flexible.? A、 mouth B、 lips? C、 tongue D、 vocal cords?  In terms of the place of articulation, the following sounds [t][d][s][z][n] share the feature of (? ? ? ).A. palatal????B. alveolarC. bilabial????D. dental Stops, fricatives, affricates, liquids, and glides all have some degree of ? ____ and are therefore consonants. English consonants can be classified into stops. fricatives, nasals, etc. , in terms of (? ? ? ). A. manner of articulation????????B. openness of mouthC. place of articulation????????????D. voicing _________ transcription transcribes sounds with diacritics, while _________? transcri