定语从句 Grammar修改.pptx

Unit 4 GrammarThe Attributive Clause定语从句 基本概念1.Defination (定义)在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。定语从句紧跟在先行词之后。2. ①关系词：引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词分为关系代词和关系副词。关系代词：who, whom, whose, which, that, as关系副词: when ,where, why②关系词的三大作用 a. 连接主句和从句 b. 指代先行词 c. 在定语从句中充当句子成分关系代词的用法指代所做成分是否可省略that主宾表语作宾语可省人；物物which主宾表语作宾语可省主宾表语作宾语可省who人whom人宾语可省whose人；物定语不可省定语从句用作定语的从句叫定语从句。定语从句所修饰的名（代）词叫作先行词。定语从句一般紧跟在先行词的后面。1. The students (who don’t study hard) will not pass 先行词 定语从句the exam.主句:The students will not pass the exam.2. The woman (who you saw in the park) is our 先行词 定语从句English teacher.主句:The woman is our English teacher.从句的主语：youwhom从句的宾语：3. A shoe shop is a shop (which sells shoes).主句：A shoe shop is a shop.从句的主语:which4. The book (that you want) is on the desk.主句从句的主语:从句的宾语：The book is on the desk.youthat注意:必须保持主句的完整性引导定语从句的关系代词常见的有that, which,whowhom等。关系代词放在先行词和定语从句之间，起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的一个成份。 eg. The man (that/who told us a funny story) is in the next room.主语I lost the book(( that/which ) you gave me). 宾语关系代词: 1. who指人,作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略）The man who I talked with is our teacher.A person who steals things is called a thief.2. whom指人,作宾语 (作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省) The man (whom/who) I nodded to is Mr. Li.The man to whom I nodded is Professor Li.3. which 指物，作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省 略, 如介词提前则不能省) These are the trees which were planted last year.This recorder （which） he is using ismade in Japan. Is this the library (which) you borrow books from?Is this the library from which you borrowbooks? 4. that 指人/物，作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略）A plane is a machine. It can fly.A plane is a machine that can fly.He is the man. I told you about him.He is the man (that) I told you about.5.whose 既可以指人，也可以指物。其后的名词与其前的先行词构成所属关系，在从句中作定语。Whose + n. = of which/whom + the + n. = the + n. + of which/whomeg, The boy(先行词) whose mother is a doctor is my friend.人物人物e.g. ① He mentioned a book, whose title I have forgotten. (whose title=the title of which=of which the title)e.g. ② This is the scientist whose name is kn