冶金专业英语Unit 3.pptVIP

A complete blast furnace plant (Fig4-1) consequently comprises many components. The most important of these are: the blast furnace，bunkers，charging equipment, the cast house，hot blast stoves, top gas removal and cleaning equipment. 1.The Blast Furnace Fig3-1 The blast furnace plant The blast furnace is a continuously working shaft furnace. In its original form, it was slim and tulip shaped. Today, its silhouette consists of truncated cylinders and cones. Blast furnace is a large refractory-lined steel vessel and the entire furnace requires cooling. The following is an introduction to the parts and functions of a modern blast furnace. The furnace is built on a foundation of pilings and concrete to support the furnace and burden. The inside profile of the blast furnace is termed (from top to bottom) furnace throat, shaft, belly, bosh and hearth. The lower portion of the furnace is called the hearth. The hearth comprises carbon side wall and a central composite plug. One or more iron notches are located above the hearth, and molten iron and slag are removed through these iron notches. ?Above the iron notch is the slag notch. With modern low slag volume practice, the slag notch is typically for blowing-in or emergency use only. The portion above the hearth is the bosh, and the bosh angle is a critical parameter in the design of the furnace. The belly of the widest point can be cooled by a variety of methods. The bosh and stack usually have ceramic lining. The throat is cylindrical and is referred to as the stockline section. ?The top of the furnace directs the gas to the offtakes. Fig3-2 The inside profile of the blast furnace The modern blast furnace has much cooling equipment，such as, high density copper cooling plates, cast-iron stave coolers, and external shower cooling, etc. Using water-cooling process at higher smelting temperature aids in maintaining the furnace shape and structure. The design of the cooling system and refractory should be