电磁场与电磁波第20讲极化群速度坡印亭矢量学习课件.pptVIP

3. Flow of Electromagnetic Power and the Poynting Vector Electromagnetic waves carry with携带 them electromagnetic power. Energy is transported through space to distant receiving points by electromagnetic waves电磁波. We will now derive a relation between the rate of such energy transfer and the electric and magnetic field intensities associated with a traveling electromagnetic wave所传送的能量和电磁波中电场及磁场强度之间的比率关系. We begin with the curl equations The verification of the following identity of vector operations is straightforward矢量恒等式 then We have then Integrating both sides of the equation over the volume V, we have Considering , we have * Field and Wave Electromagnetic 电磁场与电磁波 2014. 5. 5 1. Plane Waves in Lossless Media plane wave; uniform plane wave Review z Hy Ex 1.1 transverse electromagnetic waves 2. Plane Waves in Lossy Media For a good conductor low-loss dielectrics低损耗电介质 ( ?’’?’, ??? ) Ex Hy z P.7-13 P351 7-25 7-25 7-27 Main topic Plane Electromagnetic Waves 1. Polarization of Plane Waves 2. Group Velocity 3. Flow of Electromagnetic Power and the Poynting Vector 1. polarization of plane waves The polarization of a uniform plane wave describes the time-varying behavior of the electric field intensity vector at a given point in space. 均匀平面波的极化表征在空间给定点上电场强度矢量随时间变化的特性。 Suppose the instantaneous value of the electric field intensity of a plane wave is Obviously, at a given point in space the locus of the tip of the electric field intensity vector over time is a straight line parallel to the x-axis. Hence, the wave is said to have a linear polarization(线性极化波). In some cases the direction of E of a plane wave at a given point may chang with time. Consider the superposition(叠加) of two linearly waves: one polarized in the x direction; the other polarized in the y direction and lagging 900 (滞后900)(or ?/2 rad) in time phase. In phasor notation we have where El0 and E20 are real numbers denoting the amplitudes of