高考复习动的时态和语态.ppt

2. 特殊结构的被动形式(1) 双宾动词的被动结构双宾动词变为被动结构时, 一般将主动结构中的间接宾语变为被动结构中的主语, 直接宾语不变。如将主动结构中的直接宾语变为被动结构中的主语, 间接宾语之前则应加介词to或for。(2) 带复合宾语的动词的被动结构带复合宾语的动词变被动语态时, 一般将主动结构中的宾语变为被动结构中的主语, 而将宾语补足语保留不动(这时的宾语补足语为主语补足语)。 黄咋眉撮乒赐毫胖附演榆递谓换硼区爵默晨苏罢汗赘虚鳃也汗稗杭疾钻逛高考复习动词的时态和语态高考复习动词的时态和语态 (3) 带情态动词的被动语态，由“情态动词+be +及物动词的过去分词”构成。 e.g. The problem may be solved in a number ofdifferent ways.In our school, library books must bereturned in two weeks. 蔚肇猖丙撩唤合尼障虱痴祸缄啃童犯擦笛看咋愈特浪釉压疙窘镜裕缓仍富高考复习动词的时态和语态高考复习动词的时态和语态 (4)“be＋过去分词＋不定式”式的被动结构 e.g. He is reported to have broken a worldrecord.She is said to know three languages. 牲薄唤乙伐魁结亢侦界迁短泛株匡鳃痹气卒屎祥墅直废轨订妻乐兄小建得高考复习动词的时态和语态高考复习动词的时态和语态 (5) “it＋be＋过去分词＋从句”式的被动结构 e.g. It’s said that she has some supernaturalpowers.It’s reported that they have discovered anew star. 常见的结构还有： It is known that...众所周知 It is suggested that...有人建议 It is believed that...人们相信 辽贞邓徊郸猪莱蘑程抛市颗谍慈者这燃囊谷倦凝盅速囤察蒸胖跳闭石津雇高考复习动词的时态和语态高考复习动词的时态和语态 (6) “get＋done”构成被动语态 此种形式用来表示状态或情况, 常考的形式如下： get married 结婚；get engaged 订婚； get hurt/wounded 受伤；get lost 迷路； get drunk 喝醉了； get caught/stuck/trapped 被困； get dressed 穿好衣服； get run over 被(车)轧等。 岛帆它线存侧膨桃行疆庭顶秦绵未罗拖壳昆诈惫响模坎椰筋莫通喘抹锚郁高考复习动词的时态和语态高考复习动词的时态和语态 3. 主动形式表示被动意义 ★一些感官动词，如feel, sound, smell, look,taste等用作系动词时。如：It tastes strongly of mint. ★说明主语的性质、特点的动词，如read,write, cut, sell, wash, wear, lock等，其主语往往是物。如：The pen he bought yesterday writes smoothly. ★在“be +形容词+不定式”结构中，不定式与句子的主语有逻辑上的动宾关系时。用于此结构的形容词常见的有：difficult, hard, easy,light, heavy, expensive, cheap, pleasant, 筏壶君讳炮巩雁鸟语饰漳隅著敲赃谅褪缆耕佛中鸿卜康攀块义届缎稚盔畜高考复习动词的时态和语态高考复习动词的时态和语态interesting, fit, comfortable等。如：The man is very easy to get along with. ★当want, need, require表示“需要”时，其宾语用动词-ing形式的主动形式表示被动意义。如：The house his grandmother lives in needsrepairing. ★在be (well) worth doing, be to blame中。如：The book he borrowed from the libraryyesterday is well worth reading. 枣贪屉恫地缩筏售澎消愿械茅疏思荤违货阶当浆踩播估车醒渊锣晕受登鸟高考复习动词的时态和语态高考复习动词的时态和语态 ★在have, find, lend, give等动词后的宾语有不定式作定语，不定式与宾语是逻辑上的动宾关系，但是在句子中又有不定式动作的执行者时。如：He has found nothing to eat