《汽车减震器测试系统的设计》.docVIP

汽车减震器测试系统的设计 摘 要 汽车悬架装置是汽车的一个重要总成，汽车悬架装置通常由弹性元件、导向装置和减震器三部分组成。其主要功能是：缓和由路面不平引起的振动和冲击，以保证汽车具有良好的行驶平稳性，迅速衰减汽车车身和车桥的振动，传递作用在车身和车轮之间的各种力和力矩，保证汽车行驶时必要的安全性和操纵稳定性。 鉴于悬架装置的重要性，此次设计设计谐振式汽车实验台来检测其性能。该测试台是通过偏心轮转动驱动汽车上下振动，然后断开电机电源，储能飞轮产生扫频激振。由于电机的频率比车轮的固有频率高，飞轮逐渐减速的扫频激振过程总可以扫到车轮固有频率处，从而使台面与汽车系统产生共振，根据共振时汽车振动频率和振幅来判断悬挂装置工作性能。这种方法的优点在于检测台性能稳定，数据可靠性好，但缺点是检测参数单一，对悬挂装置不能形成全面的分析与故障诊断，无法全面反映悬挂装置的技术状况。 关键词：减震器，谐振式测试台，谐振频率，谐振振幅Automobile shock absorber test system Abstract Suspension is a very important part of automobile. In general,it is consist of elastic component, oriented equipment and absorber.It is main function is relax quiver and concussion ,because of the disaffection of the disaffection of road surface. Suspension can pledge the car run smoothly,attenuate the quiver of the car body and bridge quickly,transfer all kinds of force and moment between carwheel and carbody,makesure the car have necessary security and stabilization control.Because of the essentiality of suspension, we design resonant test stand in order to test the car performance. The test stand drives the car vibrate up and down by eccentric wheel,latter cut off the electric motor , so flywheel will drive the car vibrate for a moment Compare to the carwheel’s intrinsic frequency, the electric motter’s frequency is high so when the flywheel’s frequency reduce,we can get a frequency which the electric motter’s is equal to the carwheel’s,now the test stand and the automobile will resonance,we can appraise suspension’s performance by resonant frequency and amplitude.This method’s advantage are test parameter is single,could not analyze and diagnose all aspects of the suspension and respond the suspension’s technical condition overall. Keyword:Suspension,resonant test，stand ,resonant，frequency,resonant amplitude目录 1 绪论 4 1.1国外汽车检测技术发展状况 4 1.2中国汽车维修行业的基本情况 5 1.2.1汽车维修行业存在的基本问题 6 1.2.2汽车维修行业面临的新形势 7 1.2.3汽车维修行业的发展趋势 10 1.3 汽车悬架性能检测在国内外发展状况 10 1.4设计内容 12 2 汽车减震器检测台 12 2.1 汽车减震器工作原理 12 2.2测试台设计 13 2.3测试台设计注意事项 14