手提式液压扳手设计课题.doc

摘 要 在能源，交通，冶金，化工，矿山及其他行业的设备安装，检修工作中，装拆大规格螺栓比较困难；有些螺栓安装在空间非常窄小的地方无法用加长力臂或用锤击的方法紧固和拆卸螺栓；有些设备长期使用在比较潮湿的地方，螺栓锈蚀严重无法用人工拆卸，因而难以检修；在架空管道和高空设备构架上紧固和拆卸螺栓，工作人员虽然戴着安全带也难以用上力，要安全地完成工作非常困难；据设备管理权威机构统计，在设备运行故障中有50%以上是因为螺栓问题引起的，因螺栓问题而造成设备重大事故的数量也非常惊人，因此新的设备安装和检修规范对螺栓紧固的力矩要求比较严格，而用人工方法难以达到要求。 液压扭矩扳手作为一种大直径螺栓的装配工具，已经被广泛应用于冶金、机械、电力、化工、铁路、造船、桥梁、锅炉等行业的重要螺栓联接的安装及拆卸维修，其中最重要的特点就是输出扭矩的较大，工作效率较高。本文主要对大扭矩液压扳手结构进行设计，包括液压缸的设计，棘轮机构的设计及强度校核等。 关键词：液压扭矩扳手，油缸，棘轮机构 Abstract In the energy, transportation, metallurgy, chemical, mining equipment and other sectors of the installation, maintenance, installation more difficult dismantling bolt; some bolt is arranged in the space is very narrow place cannot be lengthened arm method or hammering fastening and disassembly bolt; some of the equipment used for a long time in the more humid areas, bolt the severe corrosion can not use manual disassembly, so it is difficult to repair; fastening on the overhead pipeline and aerial equipment frame and remove the bolts, staff while wearing the safety belt is also difficult to use force, to safely complete the job very difficult; according to the equipment management authority statistics, in the operation of equipment failure is more than 50% for bolt the number of major accidents, caused by bolt is also very amazing, so the installation and maintenance of the new code of bolt tightening torque requirements more strict, and using artificial methods to achieve the requirements of. Hydraulic torque wrench as an assembly tool for large diameter bolts, installation and disassembly repair important bolt connection has been widely used in the industry of metallurgy, machinery, electric power, chemical industry, railways, shipbuilding, bridge, and boilers, one of the most important characteristics of the output torque is large, high work efficiency. This paper mainly carries on the design of hydraulic wrench structure, including the design of the hydraulic cylinder, a ratchet mechanism design and strengt