届高考理科数学第一轮总复习课件25.pptVIP

* * * 第三章 数列 第讲 （第二课时） Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. *考点3:等差数列中的证明问题 1. 设{an}是公差为d的等差数列. (1)求证：以bn=(n∈N*)为通项的数列{bn}是等差数列； Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. *(1)证明：因为等差数列{an}的公差是d(常数)， 所以所以{bn}是等差数列. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. * (2)若a1d≠0，问数列{an}中的任一项an是否一定在(1)中数列{bn}中？如果是，设此项为bm，探求此时n与m的关系式；如果不是，请说明理由.由(1)知，bn=b1+(n-1)， 且b1=a1， 即bn=a1+(n-1)，an=a1+d(n-1). 假设存在符合题意的项，则由an=bm， Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. * 可得a1+d(n-1)=a1+(m-1)， 所以(m-1)=n-1， 即m=2n-1. 由m，n都是正整数可得此式成立. 故数列{an}中的任一项an一定在数列{bn}中.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. * 【点评:】一个数列为等差数列的充要条件可以是：①an+1-an=d；②an=an+b；③Sn=an2+bn(Sn是前n项和)；④an+2+an=2an+1.判断一项a是否为某数列{an}的项，就是方程an=a是否有对应的正整数解. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. * Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. * Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. * Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. *题型4：等差数列性质的应用2.在等差数列{an}中，a4+a6+a8+a10+a12=120，求2a9-a10的值．分析：本题主要考查等差数列的通项公式及等差数列性质的运用．运用等差数列的通项公式把任意项转化到首项与公差上来是解决数列问题的通性通法． Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. * 1：因为2a9-a10=a9+(a9-a10)=a9-d=a8， 而a4+a12=a6+a10=2a8，即5a8=120，故a8=24， 所以2a9-a10=24. 2：由a4+a6+a8+a10+a12=120， 得5a1+(3+5+7+9+11)d=120，即a1+7d=a8=24， 所以2a9-a10=a9-d=a8=24. Evaluation only. Created