10-一分督导老师 临床5步教学法.ppt

The “One Minute Preceptor” “一分钟督导老师”Time Efficient Teaching in Clinical Practice临床5步教学法 CASE 1 情形1 Frustrated Resident…沮丧的住院医生 Frustrated Teacher! 沮丧的教师 The “One Minute Preceptor”“一分钟督导老师” Questioning提问 Discussion讨论 Presentation病例汇报 10 Minutes of “Teaching Time”... 10分钟的“教学时间” 3 Minutes 3分钟 6 Minutes6分钟 1 Minute 1分钟 The 5-Step Microskills Method5步教学法 Get a Commitment 分派任务 Ask for Supporting Evidence 询问支持证据 Reinforce What Was Done Right肯定做对的地方 Correct Mistakes 纠正错误 Teach a General Principle教导一般原则 Get a Commitment分派任务 Why?…为什么？ Encourages learner to process further and problem solve.鼓励学习者进一步处理和解决问题 Examples...例如... “What do you think is going on here?” 你怎样认为？ “What would you like to do next?”你下一步想做什么？ Ask for Supporting Evidence询问支持证据 Why?…为什么？ ... Helps you to assess the learners knowledge and thinking process.帮助你评定学习者的知识和思考过程 Examples...例如... “What factors support your diagnosis?” 哪些因素支持你的诊断？ “Why did you choose that treatment?” 你为何选择那个治疗方案？ Reinforce What Was Done Right肯定做对的地方 Describe specific behaviors and likely outcomes描述特定的行为和可能的结果 Why?... 为什么？ Behaviors that are reinforced will be more firmly established被肯定的行为会被更牢固地建立. Example…例如... “I liked that your differential took into account the patient’s age, recent exposures, symptoms.”“我觉得你在鉴别诊断方面考虑到了病人的年龄、近期暴露因素和症状，这非常好。” Correct Mistakes纠正错误 Describe what was wrong (be specific), what the consequence might be, and how to correct it for the future描述哪些做得不对（具体），可能的后果是什么，今后如何改正 Why?…为什么？ ... Corrects mistakes and forms foundation for improvement.纠正错误、为改进奠定基础 Example…例如... “During the ear exam the patient seemed uncomfortable. Let’s go over holding the otoscope.” “你检查耳朵时病人看起来不舒服，我们来练习一下如何持检耳镜吧。” Teach a General Principle教导一般原则 Symptoms, treatment options, or resources to look information up 症状，治疗选择，或寻找信息的资源 Why?…为什么... Allows learning to be more easily transferred to other situations. 让所学的更容易应用到其它情形 Examples…例如... “Remember 10-15% peo