两宋时期茶叶额生产和商业资本的关系__定稿.doc

题 目： 两宋时期的茶叶生产和商业资本的关系 院 系： 历史文化系 专 业： 人文教育 班 级： 2011级专接本 姓 名： 耿洪利 学 号： 20110406005 指导教师： 王慧杰 2013 年 5 月 12 日 两宋时期的茶叶生产和商业资本的关系 【摘要】两宋时期，是我国商品经济高度繁荣的时期，茶业经济便是一大亮点。在两宋300余年的统治时期，我国茶业经济总体趋于成熟，并逐渐走向繁荣。因此，有所谓茶“兴于唐,盛于宋”之说。主要表现在：茶叶产地增多且分布广阔，茶叶生产产量的提高，生产专业化水平加强，专门从事茶叶生产的农户愈来愈多，出现了规模大、需雇工经营或租佃经营的大茶园。这与当时商品经济的发展和商业资本的积累壮大并广泛投资于茶叶、粮食、布帛等贸易密切相关，商业资本的介入有助于茶园户完成茶叶再生产，即使在当时政府榷茶条件下，商业资本对茶叶生产仍起到了重要作用。但商业资本向茶叶生产渗透的过程中遇到了不少阻碍，茶叶生产中资本主义因素的成长受到了专制统治政府的抑制,茶业经济中的资本主义萌芽受到了严重阻碍，最终未能顺利发展。 【关键词】两宋 茶叶生产 商业资本 Period of two the Song Dynasty tea production and commercial capital relationship 【Abstract】The two Song Dynasties, Chinas commodity economy highly prosperous period, the tea economy is a major bright spot. In the two song 300 years period, the overall economy of China tea industry tends to be mature, and gradually move toward prosperity. Therefore, the so-called tea “originated in the Tang Dynasty, flourished in the song” says. Mainly displays in: the origin of tea increased and broad distribution, tea production yield, production specialization level enhanced, more and more specialized farmers in tea production, there are large in scale, be hired management or tenancy management in tea garden. This was the development of commodity economy and business capital strength and extensive investment in tea, food, cloth and other trade is closely related to the involvement of commercial capital, contribute to the household of tea plantation reproduction, even if at the time the government monopoly under the condition of commercial capital of tea, tea production has played an important role. But the process of commercial capital penetration to the tea production encountered many obstacles, capitalism in tea production factors growth inhibited authoritarian government, the tea economy of capitalism has been seriously hampered, ultimately failed to develop smoothly 【Key Words】Two song Tea production Commercial capital 目录 引言 4 一、两宋茶叶生产的发展 4 （一）茶叶产地及其分布 4 （二）茶叶产量的提高