双语09衣原体(免费阅读).pptVIP

第1７章其他原核细胞微生物Sction 3 chlamydiae 衣原体  共同特征( common features) G-,round or elliptical)革兰阴性，圆形或椭圆形 the outer cell wall resembles the cell wall of G- bacteria) 具有细胞壁，其组成与革兰阴性菌相似； a distinctive developmental cycle and division by binary fission ) 有独特的发育周期，行二分裂方式繁殖； contain prokaryotic ribosomes and complex enzymes,are obligate intracellular parasites because they can not produce ATP and must depend on the host cell for energy requirement,and are sensitive to certain antibiotics.) 有核糖体和较复杂的酶类，但缺乏供代谢所需的能量来源，营专性细胞内寄生,对多种抗生素敏感 1生物学性状 (biological characteristics ) （1） developmental cycle(发育周期) elementary body（EB ）原体 initial body（始体） or reticulate body，RB（网状体） （2）培养特点(culture characteristics) ————专性细胞内寄生 (obligate intracellular parasites) a.鸡胚培养(embryonated egg yolk sac inoculation) b.动物接种（ animal inoculation） 如，小鼠（mouse) c.细胞培养(Hela 299,McCoy等) (cell culture--------- Hela 299, McCoy cell lines) 汤飞凡(1897-1958)，1955,首次分离出沙眼衣原体 (Professor Feifan Tang isolated Chlamydia trachomatis for the first time in 1955) （3）resistance susceptible to heat;disinfectants;certain antibiotics, such as erythromycin and tetracycline. resistant to hypothermia 对热敏感 对消毒剂敏感 耐低温 对抗生素敏感 2 致病性与免疫性 (Pathogenicity  and immunity ) （1）致病性 内毒素样物质(endotoxin-like substance, ELS) --------抑制细胞代谢，破坏细胞(inhibit metabolism and cause lysis of host cells) 主要外膜蛋白(major outer member protein, MOMP） -------与吸附、侵入及阻止吞噬体和溶酶体融合有关 (related to adsorption ,invasion and inhibit the fusion of phagosomes and lysosomes) Ⅳ型超敏反应(delayed-type hypersensitivity) 人类衣原体病: 沙眼、包涵体结膜炎、泌尿生殖道感染（非淋菌性尿道炎、宫颈炎等）、性病淋巴肉芽肿、肺炎 （2）immunity the immunity to chlamydia is weak. The host is liable to persistent infection and recurrent infection of chlamydiae) 免疫力不强，易造成持续感染和反复感染 3. Main pathogenic chlamydia主要致病性衣原体　　（1）Chlamydia trachomatis 沙眼衣原体　a.沙眼（trachoma） 传染源(source of infection)：人 传播途径：眼---眼，眼---手---眼