大学英语四级作文讲义二.docVIP

一. 大学英语四级考试大纲中对写作部分的表述 写作选用考生所熟悉的题材。考生根据规定的题目和所提供的提纲、情景、图片或图表等，写出一篇不少于120词的短文。写作要求是思想表达准确、意义连贯、无严重语法错误。考试时间30分钟。 二. 大学英语四级作文评分标准 2分：条理不清， 思路紊乱，语言支离破碎或大部分句子均有错误，且多为严重错误。 5分：基本切题。表达思想不清楚，连贯性差。有较多的严重的语言错误。 8分: 基本切题。有些地方表达思想不够清楚，文字勉强连贯；语言错误多，其中有一些是严重错误。 11分：切题。表达思想清楚，文字连贯但有少量语言错误。 14分：切题。表达思想清楚，文字通顺，连贯性较好。基本上无语言错误，仅有个别小错。 三. 作文中转承语的使用 1. 表时间或次序： (1). firstly ，first of all, above all, in the first place secondly, what’s more, in addition, besides in the end, last but not least, finally; (2). on one hand, on the other hand; (3). for one thing, for another 2.表因果关系：accordingly, as a consequence, as a result, consequently, due to, hence, in this way, so, therefore, thus 3. 表比较或对比：however, in contrast, in spite of, likewise, not only…but also, on the contrary, similarly, whereas, nevertheless 4. 表举例或例证： for example, for instance, namely, that is, such as... 5. 表强调：anyway, in particular 6. 表结论或摘要：as has been noted, in any event, in brief, in conclusion, in short, in summary, therefore, to conclude, to sum up... 四. 如何在大学英语四级的写作中获得高分 句式方面 除了采用词组，要使文章更具英语的味道，我们还需要变换句式。 写作中阅卷人喜欢的句式有以下两种：一是插入语；二是倒装。 第一，插入语。 所谓插入语，英语中有两种形式。一种是有两个逗号之间引起的成分称之为插入语；第二种是有两个半破折号引起的成分称之为插入语。如下所示（黑体划线处）： Jinan, the Spring City, is a famous tourist city. Other people may give us instrumental support—financial aid, material resources, and needed services—that reduces stress by helping us resolve and cope with our problems. 插入语的作用主要有两个，一个是突出主语，比如说：He, who would like to play basketball, is a good student. 第二个作用是解释说明，比如说：People, especially students, should work hard. 第二，倒装 倒装是我们写作中需要用到的。虽然略显俗套，但是却能满足阅卷人的主观感受。常用的倒装形式有以下几种： Only + 时间状语? Only when all of us join in the efforts of eliminating cheating at all levels can we expect to have a cleaner society and a more beautiful future. Only + 介词词组???? Only by planning his time care fully can he improve efficiency and make achievements. Only in this way can we master the writing skills step by step. 否定词位于句首 （hardly; never; not only---,bu