Meaning in English： Discuss critically the role of context in the understanding of meaning.docVIP

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2016-12-13 发布于北京
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Meaning in English： Discuss critically the role of context in the understanding of meaning.doc

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Meaning in English： Discuss critically the role of context in the understanding of meaning 　　Introduction 　　Context plays a significant role in understanding the meaning. This essay will firstly introduce the definition of context， then， it will analyze the significance of context combining with specific examples from four perspectives： identifying the meaning of words， clearing the ambiguity， prompting the omitted meaning and helping to understand the implication. 　　Definition of context 　　The concept of context was first put forward by Malinowski in 1923. He categorizes context as “context of culture” and “context of situation”. The former one refers to the social culture where the speaker lives， while the later one means the particular circumstance when the conversation occurs. Moreover， Firth （Firth， 1957） states that context of situation includes not only speaking words， but also facial expression， gestures， body movements， staff participating the conversation and the certain environment where the speakers are. Subsequently， Halliday （Halliday 1964） classifies the factors of situation into three categories： “field of discourse”， “tenor of discourse” and “mode of discourse”. After that， sociolinguist Fishman （Fishman 1972） carries out the concept “domain” embodied in his famous saying “who speaks what language to whom and when”. 　　The significance of context 　　1. Defining word meaning according to context 　　Polysemy is including denotation， connotation， figurative meaning， etc. Sometimes Context restricts the understanding of meaning. In the huge net of context information， the varied relationships affecting the meaning of words， it needs adequate consideration and the exact meaning of words under certain context can be defined. 　　Language has been changing with the history. The new words come into being all the way， and some words might be changed completely from their original meaning. For example， “nice” meant “foolish” or “silly” in old French. W