Howlifebeganontheearth讲述.ppt

Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars What do you know about astronomy? Is there life on the planet? 八大行星 八大行星即金星、土星、木星、水星、地球、火星、天王星、海王星八颗行星，冥王星不再为经典行星。 国际天文学联合会大会投票5号决议，部分通过新的行星定义，冥王星被排除在行星行列之外，而将其列入“矮行星”。 新的天文发现不断使“九大行星”的传统观念受到质疑。天文学家先后发现冥王星与太阳系其他行星的一些不同之处。冥王星所处的轨道在海王星之外，属于太阳系外围的柯伊伯带，这个区域一直是太阳系小行星和彗星诞生的地方。20世纪90年代以来，天文学家发现柯伊伯带有更多围绕太阳运行的大天体。比如，美国天文学家布朗发现的“2003UB313”，就是一个直径和质量都超过冥王星的天体。 八大行星（续） 国际天文学联合会大会放弃将冥王星之外的太阳系八大行星称为“经典行星”的说法，从而确认太阳系只有8颗行星，冥王星被降级为入“矮行星”。此前盛传的第一种方案中提出了太阳系另外增加3颗二级行星的计划流产。　 宇宙大爆炸 　 大约在50亿年前，宇宙所有的物质都高度密集在一点，有着极高的温度，因而发生了巨大的爆炸。大爆炸以后，物质开始向外大膨胀，就形成了今天我们看到的宇宙。大爆炸的整个过程是复杂的，现在只能从理论研究的基础上描绘过去远古的宇宙发展史。在这150亿年中先后诞生了星系团、星系、我们的银河系、恒星、太阳系、行星、卫星等。现在我们看见的和看不见的一切天体和宇宙物质，形成了当今的宇宙形态，人类就是在这一宇宙演变中诞生的。 Do you know how our life began on the earth? Do you know any ancient idea about the beginning of the universe? Pangu separates the sky from the earth Nvwa makes human beings Answer the following questions: 1. About how the universe began, which theory is widely accepted? 2. What form（形状） was the earth after the “Big Bang”? 3. What made up the earth’s atmosphere after the earth exploded? Para. 3 the importance of water for life What made the earth different from the other planets is that water remained on the earth. The significance(意义) of the continued presence of water is that it allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases and acids into the oceans and seas. Put the order of development of life into a timeline. Insects and amphibians appeared. The earth became a solid ball. Reptiles appeared. The earth was a cloud of dust. Shellfish and other fish appeared. Clever animals with hands and feet appeared. Dinosaurs appeared. Small plants grew on the water. Plants began to grow on dry land. Water appeared on the earth. The universe began with a “Big Bang”. Mammals appeared. Discussion: Some scientists have found that there is water on Mars. 1.Can Mars become a little Earth?2. Then what are necessary f