不定式-语法程序.pptVIP

* 初三英语语法专题讲座（二） 动词不定式 The Infinitive ■动词不定式的构成 动词不定式的基本形式是由“不定式符号to + 动词原形”构成，有时个别词前可以不带to。 例如： I want to buy a story book． The boy asked me to tell them a story He got up very early to catch the first train The old man is too old to walk I am sorry to hear that. I have some good news to tell you. To learn English well is not very easy My wish is to become a scientist. I don’t know what to do now. Tell him not to read in bed. We often heard her sing in the reading-room. ■动词不定式的特点 ◆动词不定式（或动词不定式短语）没有人称或数的变化，在句子中不能独立作谓语。 ◆动词不定式仍保留动词的特点，即可以有自己的宾语和状语。 To want a book to sing at the party ◆动词不定式同它的宾语或状语一起可以构成动词不定式短语。 ◆动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。 1. To learn a foreign language well is not easy. 2. To play football in the street is dangerous. ◆作主语的动词不定式常用it来作形式主语，而把动词不定式（或短语）放在后面。如以上句子可以写成为： 1、It is not easy to learn a foreign language well. 2、It is dangerous to play football in the street. ◆两个重点句型 ;It’s + 形容词 + (for / of sb.) + to do sth It takes sb. time to do sth结构。 主语 1. She tried to answer my questions, but she couldn’t 2. The teacher didn’t want to teach Tom any more. 3. I hope to find a good job in a foreign company. ◆常见词后直接跟宾语的有：begin, choose, decide, forget, hope, need, learn, plan, start, try, remember, want, wish, would like等。 ◆用it作形式宾语，其结构为：主语 + 谓语动词 + it + 形容词 + to do sth. 1. I find it very interesting to go scuba diving. 2. Don’t you think it easy to fix the broken pen 宾语 1. The teacher asked Tom’s mother to take him home. 2. Edison’s mother found him to be a very good pupil. 3. Let me help you to find some information in the library. ◆用带to的动词不定式作宾补的词有：ask, tell, find, order, send, teach, want, wish, would like等。 ◆用不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有感官动词feel, hear, notice, see, watch和使役动词make, let, have等。 ◆动词help作宾语补足语的用法 宾补 1. The professor came to give us talk yesterday. 2. She went to see her grandma yesterday evening. 3. Later Edison left home to work in different cities. ◆不定式作目的状语主要有以下几种形式，如： it’s time to do sth. It’s t