chapter 13 消化系统课件.ppt

CHAPTER 13 THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Exercise I maze Look at the diagram and tell the parts of the digestive system in the order that food passes through the body. Atlas of the digestive system Source: AMAs Current Procedural Terminology, Revised 1998 Edition. Exercise II Technical Terms Fill in the blanks in the following short passage with the corresponding technical terms. Esophagus cancer Although the esophagus is essentially a hollow tube, its walls are composed of a number of highly specialized layers, including an inner lining made up of thin, flat cells (1_____________), a layer below the inner lining (2_____________) that contains mucus-secreting glands, and a thick band of muscle tissue. When you eat or drink, a muscle in the upper part of your esophagus (3 ______________________) relaxes, allowing food and liquid to enter. Smooth muscles in the esophagus wall then move the food along in a series of rhythmic contractions ( a process called 4_______________). It usually takes four to 10 seconds for food to flow through your esophagus. Esophagus cancer Another ring of muscle, the 5_________________, sits at the junction where your esophagus and stomach connect. It opens to allow food into your stomach and then clamps shut so that corrosive stomach acids and digestive enzymes dont back up into the esophagus. Among many causes of esophagus cancer, heavy alcohol consumption is a typical one. In Western nations, a majority of esophageal squamous cell carcinomas result from chronic alcohol abuse. Long-term heavy drinking irritates the lining of the esophagus, leading to inflammation (6____________ ) that eventually may cause malignant changes in the cells. Common symptoms and signs of the digestive system 胃灼热 Heartburn =cardialgia; pyrosis 反酸 Water brash Regurgitation of watery acid from the stomach 吞咽困难 Dysphagia Dyspepsia 消化不良 Common symptoms and signs of the digestive system Nausea and vomiting Anorexia 食欲缺乏 神经性厌食症 anorexia nervosa 胃气胀 Gas