电磁场与电磁波第19讲无耗平面波导电平面波.pptVIP

Summary 1. Plane Waves in Lossless Media plane wave; uniform plane wave z Hy Ex 1.1 transverse electromagnetic waves We have seen that a uniform plane wave均匀平面波 characterized by E = axEx, propagating in the +z-direction has associated with it a magnetic field H = ayHy .Thus E and H are perpendicular垂直 to each other, and both are transverse to横向 the direction of propagation. It is a case of a transverse electromagnetic (TEM) wave横电磁波. The phasor electric field intensity for a uniform plane wave propagating in the +z-direction is沿+z方向传播的均匀平面波 where E0 is a constant vector常矢量. A more general form is 更一般的形式 ? ? ? z y x d an P0 E0 ? P(x, y, z) R It can be easily proved by direct substitution that this expression satisfies the homogeneous Helmholtz‘s equation 满足齐次亥姆霍兹方程, provided that If we define a wavenumber vector波数矢量/传播矢量 as and a radius vector from the origin从原点出发的径向矢量 then where an is a unit vector in the direction of propagation. 沿传播方向的单位矢量 ? ? ? z y x d an P0 E0 ? P(x, y, z) R The geometrical relations of an, and R are illustrated in Figure, from which we see that is the equation of a plane normal to an , the direction of propagation. an ?R = Constant is a plane of constant phase and uniform amplitude for the wave.是一个相位恒定和振幅均匀的平面 In a charge-free region, ??E = 0. As a result, then Which requires Thus the plane-wave solution implies that E0 is transverse to the direction of propagation. E0垂直与传播方向 The magnetic field associated with E(R) may be obtained as 相伴的磁场 Where ? is the intrinsic impedance (wave impedance) of the medium.媒质的本征阻抗/波阻抗 E H an It is now clear that a uniform plane wave propagting in an arbitrary direction, an, is a TEM wave with E?H and that both E and H are normal to an. 沿任意方向传播的均匀平面波是横电磁(TEM)波 The electric field associated with H(R) may be obtained as Summary 1. Plane Waves in Lossless Media plane wave; uniform plane wave z Hy Ex 1.1 transverse electromagnetic waves * Field and Wave Electromagnetic 电磁场与电磁波 2014. 5. 3 Review 1. Maxwell’s Equa