fault detection and diagnosis in engineering s.PPTVIP

GMU – GM PROJECT Model-Based On-Board Fault Diagnosis of Emission Control Components in Automotive Engines “FaultFinder” 1990-1996 The emission control problem Main pollutants in automotive tailpipe emissions: Hydrocarbons (un-burnt fuel) Carbon monoxide (partially burnt fuel) Nitrous oxides (compounds arising from high-pressure combustion) Single catalytic converter for the three pollutants Catalyst efficiency for three pollutants Basic fuel-control system driver driver On-Board Diagnosis (OBD) – II Regulation(Mid-nineties) Any fault of an emission control component causing any of the three main pollutants to exceed its legal limit by 50% must be detected/diagnosed within three driving cycles. Warning light must illuminate. Driving cycle: 25 min highway/city Car engine model Car engine model Work-plan Data-collection from vehicle (idle, city, highway, hill) Model identification (direct identification of each equation) Algorithm design Coding (HC11; assembly code, memory-limited system) Building fault-emulators (hardware on vehicle) Road testing (fault free/faulty) Six-variable system The four subsystems Residual generation A “typical” equation Map^(t) = 13.72 constant + 0.78*Thr(t) + 0.049*Iac(t) + 0.22*Egr(t) + 0.66*Map(t-1) autoregressive term – 0.0085*Thr2(t) – 0.001*Iac(t)*Egr(t) Residual processing Residual and counter – no fault Residual and counter – high noise Residual and counter – with fault System report – no fault System report – MAF fault System report – EGR or MAP fault 25-car fleet experiment Fleet of “identical” vehicles (Chevy Blazer) available at GM Collect data from 25 vehicles Identify models from combined data from 5 vehicles Test on data from 25 vehicles Residual means and variances vary ? increase thresholds (sacrifice sensitivity) Only a 50% increase is necessary Fault