Corrosion And Its Control腐蚀及其控制.PPTVIP

Corrosion And Its Control UNIT II Corrosion It is the degradation of a material due to a reaction with its environment. OR Process of Distruction of the material through chemical or electrochemical attack by its environment. Slow process Measured in weight loss per unit time. Classification: Dry or Chemical Corrosion Wet or Electrochemical corrosion 1.Dry or Chemical Corrosion Occurs due to chemical attack of by the environment such as dry gas. Occurs due to high temperature and without liquid phase. It is of two types: a) Oxidation corrosion b) Corrosion by gases (a)Oxidation Corrosion: It is due to direct attack of oxygen on metals. Oxygen molecules are attracted to the surface by Vander Wall Force Mechanism:- 1. When temp increases the metal undergoes oxidation and losses e- 2M → 2M+n? + 2ne- Metal Ion 2. Electron are gained by the oxygen molecules forms oxide ions nO2 + 4ne- → 2n O2- Oxide Ion 3. Scale of metal oxide formed 2M + nO2 → 2M + 2n O2- Metal Oxide Stable Corrosion: -Aluminium, Tin, Lead, Copper Non-stable corrosion:- Silver, Gold, Platinum Pilling – Bed Worth Ratio Ratio of volume of oxide formed to the volume of metal consumed. (b)Corrosion by Gases Carbon di-oxide, Chlorine, Hydrogen Sulphide, Sulphur di-oxide, Flourine Depends on chemical affinity b/w metal and the gas. 2. Wet or Electrochemical Corrosion Occurs when aqueous solution or liquid electrolytes are present Wet corrosion takes place in environments where the relative humidity exceeds 60 %. Wet corrosion is most efficient in waters containing sa