chapter 10 decision making - wayne k hoy10章决.PPTVIP

W. K. Hoy ? 2003, 2008, 2011 Chapter 10 Decision Making Overview W. K. Hoy ? 2003, 2008, 2011 Optimizing Model Satisficing Model Muddling Model Mixed Scanning Model Contingency Model I The Classical Model: Optimizing W. K. Hoy ? 2003, 2008, 2011 Optimizing: Make the Best Decision Define the Problems Establish Goals and Objectives Generate all Possible Alternatives Consider the Consequences of all Alternatives Evaluate all Alternatives Select the Best Alternative Implement and Evaluate the Decision Questions: Can you make the Best Decision? Why? W. K. Hoy ? 2003, 2008, 2011 Assumption One: Administrative decision making is a dynamic process that solves some organizational problems and creates others. Always more problems No final solutions Assumption Two: Complete rationality in decision making is impossible; Thus, administrators seek to satisfice rather than optimize. Why? Optimize--the Best Decision Satisfice-- “Good Enough” Bounded Rationality--Best of a narrow set of alternatives. Some Decision Making Assumptions W. K. Hoy ? 2003, 2008, 2011 Decision Making Assumptions Assumption Three: Values are an integral part of decision making. Assumption Four: Decision making is a general pattern of action found in the rational administration of all tasks and functions. Define the problem Analyze the difficulties in the situation Establish criteria for a satisfactory decision Develop a strategy of action Initiate a plan of action Evaluate the outcomes Tasks of Administration: CI, supervision, finance business, PR, etc. Functions of Administration: policy, resources, executive action W. K. Hoy ? 2003, 2008, 2011 II The Administrative Model: Satisficing Satisficing: Make a Satisfactory Decision Situation Recognize and Define the Problem Analyze the Difficulties Get the Relevant Facts Classify the Problem Specify Problem Establish Criteria for a Satisfactory Solution Develop a Plan of Action Consider Alternatives Weigh Consequences of