英汉笔译-动物-梁慧.pptxVIP

Translation and CultureAnimal Terms ——梁慧 笔译Animal Terms英汉动物喻体相同、喻义相似英汉动物喻体相异、喻义相似英汉动物喻体相同、喻义相异英语动物词汇的象征意义一、英汉动物喻体相同、喻义相似狐狸 and fox - CUNNING蛇 and serpent/snake -DANGEROUS狼 and wolf -SAVAGE猪 and pig -DIRTY, LAZYFOX：诡诈、狡猾He is as sly as a fox. You’ve got to watch him. 他狡猾如狐狸，你可要小心点。You can never fox me. 你绝对骗不了我。 SERPENT/SNAKE: 阴险、毒辣、狡诈、危险a snake in the grass 潜伏的危险，暗藏的敌人a snake in one’s bosom(胸怀，内心） 恩将仇报的人，背信弃义的人serpent eye 如蛇般阴险的眼光WOLF：凶猛、狡诈、贪婪The life of the wolf is the death of the lamb. 狼的生就是羔羊的死。Wake not a sleeping wolf. 莫惹是生非。See a wolf. 吓得张口结舌，说不出话来。To lead a wolf into the house. 引狼入室。Greedy as a wolf 贪得无厌WOLF指人：A man who is always ready to make sexual advance to a woman.“He has a face like an angel, but he’s really a terrible wolf.” 色狼A wolf in sheep’s clothing 披着羊皮的狼（表面温顺友善，实则凶残的伪君子）PIG：肮脏、贪婪、懒惰He’d been a pig about money. 他对钱贪得无厌。Make a pig of oneself. 大吃大喝，狼吞虎咽。Pigs in clover. 行为卑鄙或粗鲁的有钱人。Other Examples:He doesn’t have an idea of his own. He just parrots what others say. 他没有自己的观点，只是鹦鹉学舌罢了。As slow as a snail/at a snail’s pace. 像蜗牛一样缓慢。A lion at home, a mouse abroad. 在家如狮，在外如鼠。A rat crossing the street is chased by all. 老鼠过街，人人喊打。二、英汉动物喻体相异、喻义相似文化的差异导致同样的喻义在此文化中用这种喻体，在彼文化中可能使用一个完全不同的喻体。1.“百兽之王”汉文化：虎英语文化：狮子LIONWebster’s Third New International Dictionary of the English Language（《新韦氏国际英语大辞典》第三版）: “a person felt to be like a lion especially in courage, ferocity（凶猛）, dignity（高贵） or dominance（统治）”.Collins COBUILD English Language Dictionary（柯林斯英文词典）: “a person or a country that is considered to be strong and powerful, and which other people respect or fear”.LION英国人自豪地以狮子作为国家标志，英国国徽的中心图案是Lion,因此英国又被称为The British Lion，所以to twist the lion’s tail意为“向英国挑战”。Lion and Unicorn（雄狮代表英格兰，独角兽代表苏格兰）是英国王室纹章上（即英国国徽）的动物。LION英国历史上查里一世(King Richard)因其勇武善战被誉为the lion-hearted king（狮心王），史称“狮心王里查”。英国著名诗人雪莱(Shelley)在一首诗中号召被压迫者像狮子醒来:Rise like lions after slumber在学术界有威风的人被称为a literary lion，有如汉语“泰斗”。TIGER汉语言中用“虎”比喻勇猛、威武，例如“虎将”、“虎劲”、“虎威”。老虎不仅具备西方狮子的正面形象，还有“凶狠、残忍”的反面形象，如孔子的“苛政猛于虎”。Beard the l