语法精讲之高考强调句型.doc

高考强调句详解 “强调”就是使句子的某一部分比一般情况下显得更加重要。英语表达中，要强调句子的某一成分，一般可用强调句型“It is (was) +that (who) +句子的其余部分”。It在句中无意义，只起引出被强调部分的作用。被强调的部分指人时，除可用that外，还可换用who（强调宾语指人时也可用whom）。使用强调句型时，应注意以下事项：???一、去掉强调结构It is (was) … that(who)…后，剩下的词仍能组成一个完整的句子。这是判断是不是强调句型的关键。试比较：1. It is strange that he didn’t come yesterday. 2. It is you and Tom that didn’t come yesterday. ???显然，句1去掉It is… that …后，句子结构不完整，是主语从句；句2去掉It is … that …后，句子变为you and Tom didn’t come yesterday. 仍是一个表意完整的句子，这是一个强调句。再如：1. It is what you do rather than what you say ____matters.? ????A.that? B. what? C.which? D. this ????答案A。这是一个强调主语的强调句型，去掉强调结构，剩下的是What you do rather than what you say matters. 表意完整。 2. That was really a splendid evening. It’s years ____I enjoyed myself so much. ????A.when? B. that? C.before? D.since?? ???答案D。由强调句型的判断方法可知，该句不是强调句型。It指时间，句意为：好几年我没有这么高兴了。since的意思是“自从那个时候起”。???二、如果强调时间、地点、原因或方式状语时，不可用when, where, why或how，而仍用that。试比较：It was because of the accident why he was late. (误), It was because of the accident that he was late. (正)。又如：1. It was not until midnight?????they reached the camp site. ???A. that ???B.when?? C.while?? D. as ???答案A。该题强干扰项是B，考生容易因强调时间状语until midnight而误选。 2. It was after hegot what he had desired ____he realized it was not so important.????????A.that?? B.when?? C.since?? D. as ???答案A。该句强调时间状语从句after he got what he had desired，题干意思是“得到他所梦寐以求的东西后他才意识到一切都不那么重要”。不要误选B。 3. It was in New Zealand ___ Elizabeth first met Mr. Smith. ???A. that ??B.how?? C.which?? D. when ???答案A。强调地点状语in New Zealand.???三、注意强调句型的否定句和疑问句形式，在这方面很容易因弄不清句子结构而错选。如: 1. I just wonder ____that makes him so excited.??????A. why it does?? B. what he does?? C. how it is?? D. what it is ???答案D。正常语序的强调句型容易看出，但要注意它的变体。如果把该题变换一下语序：it is what that makes him so excited,不难看出这是强调句型的特殊疑问句形式，强调了疑问代词what，因为wonder后宾语从句，故用了陈述语序。 2. It was not until she got home ____Jennifer realized she had lost her keys. ???A. when? B. that? C.where? D.before???? ???答案B。如果去掉强调结构，该句是一个“not… until”句型：Jennifer didn’t realize she had lost her keys until