Chaptr 11 Translation of Long Sentences.ppt

Chapter 11 Translation of Long Sentences 英汉思维顺序的差异 汉语： 1.时序原则 2.因果原则 3.范围原则：从总体到细节，从背景到具体情况。 直接体现在英汉语语序上。 也体现在英汉篇章架构的不同。 英语 逻辑顺序 主谓关系为轴心 通过各种附属成分进行扩展 Chapter 11 Translation of Long Sentences 长句理解 ： 1）领会全句主旨大意 2）辨清全句主从结构 3)各句之间的从属关系 长句表达： 1)将单句逐一翻译 2）按照汉语表达习惯调整，结合 3）润饰 长句翻译的方法 11.1 顺译法 11.2 逆译法 11.3 分译法 11.4 加括号法 11.1 顺译法 Since the molecules of a gas are much too far from each other to repel or attract each other, it is very easy to compress a gas, while a solid or liquid is almost incompressible, because the repulsions of the electrical charges of which its atoms are made up are far stronger than any force we can apply. 由于气体分子相隔太远，不能互相排斥或吸引，所以气体很容易压缩；而固体或液体几乎是不可压缩的，因为其原子的电荷斥力比我们所能施加的任何力都要强得多。 The absence of pesticides and the emphasis on natural fertilizer are designed not only to keep the experiment as untainted as possible, but also to protect the health of the human consumers, because all the air and water in biosphere II is continually recycled and regenerated, it is important that no poisons be introduced into the system anywhere. 不使用农药和强调天然肥料的目的不仅是为了使实验尽可能不被污染，也为了保护使用者的健康。因为“第二生物圈”的空气和水全部都是不断地再循环和再生的，所以不在此生态系统中任何地方引入毒物是很重要的。 In this way the distinction between heavy current electrical engineering and light current electrical engineering can be said to have disappeared, but we still have the conceptual difference in that in power engineering the primary concern is to transport energy between distant points in space; while with communications systems the primary objective is to convey, extract and process information, in which process considerable amounts of power may be consumed. 在这一方面，强电工程和弱电工程之间的区别可以说已经消失了，但是我们仍旧认为它们在概念上有所不同，因为电力工程的主要任务是在空间相距较远的各地之间输送能量，而通信系统的主要目的则是传递，提取和处理信息，尽管在这个过程中或许消耗相当多的电力。 11.2 逆序法 A student of mathematics must become familiar with all the signs and symbols commonly used in mathematics and bear them in mind firmly, and be well versed in the definitions, formulas as well as the technical terms in the field of