运动生理学——13-14有氧工作能力概论.pptVIP

遗传 遗传度93.4% 训练的影响 训练可提高5-25% 中枢与外周机制均起作用 心肺功能增强 血红蛋白增加 酶活性增加 毛细血管网发达 如：运动员心脏；肺活量增加；基础心率降低等 年龄、性别 男子高于女子15%-20%（CO大） 峰值男子18-20岁，保持到30岁 女子13-17岁，保持到25岁 以后每年约降2%，老年后约降1% （四）最大摄氧量在运动实践中的应用意义 作为评定心肺功能和有氧工作能力的客观指标。 最大摄氧量与运动成绩的关系 项目 与最大摄氧量的相关系数 100米跑 -0.05 400米跑 0.05 1500米跑 0.48 3000米跑 0.75 5000米跑 0.79 10000米跑 0.82 800米游泳 0.75 2、作为选材的生理指标 VO2max有非常高的遗传度，故可作为选材的生理指标之一。 人的有氧耐力与人的呼吸机能、循环机能、肌肉组织的有氧代谢能力有关，众多的研究已经证实，与这些生理机能有密切关系的最敏感指标就是VO2max 3、作为制定运动强度依据 将VO2max强度作为100%VO2max强度，根据训练计划制定不同百分比强度，使运动负荷更客观、实用，为运动训练服务。 The role of AMPK/mTOR/S6K1 signaling axis in mediating the physiological process of exercise-induced insulin sensitization in skeletal muscle of C57BL/6 mice. Xiaolei Liu , Hairui Yuan , Yanmei Niu, Wenyan Niu, Li Fu. BBA (2012) 1716–1726. The mice initially ran at the intensity of 50% VO2 max for 20 min/day during the first week; thereafter, the running intensity and time were increased to 75% VO2 max (12 m/min) for 60 min/day.…… In summary, exercise training inhibits SREBP-1c cleavage through AMPK/mTOR/S6K1 signaling, resulting in decreased intramyocellular lipid accumulation. Our results provide new insights into the mechanism by which AMPK/mTOR/S6K1 signaling axis mediates the physiological process of exercise-induced insulin sensitization. Safety and efficacy of?aerobic training?in operable breast cancer patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy: A phase II randomized trial.Hornsby WE,?Douglas PS,?et al. Acta Oncol.?2013 Aug 19. [Epub ahead of print] Methods. Twenty patients with stage IIB-IIIC operable breast cancer were randomly assigned to receive doxorubicin plus cyclophosphamide (AC) or AC in combination wit