英语基本语法试编.ppt

让步状语从句可以放在主句前或主句后。让步状语从句的要点如下： 1）though, although, even if(though) 和as （1）though和although同义，意为“虽然”，用法基本一样。但 though更通俗、口语化，although较正式，多置于句首。 【例句】 Although they are small, the horses are strong and have great energy. （2）even if 和even though意为“即使”、“纵然”，有退一步设想的意味，多用于书面语。 【例句】Even if you disagree with her, her idea is still worth considering. （3）as引导的让步状语从句比though和although引导的让步状语从句语气更强。as引导让步状语从句时，从句语序必须部分倒装。 【例句】Strong as he is he felt tired out after the long journey for eight hours. 2）连词whether一般引导名词性从句。当引导让步状语从句时，必须用逗号和主句分开，而且其前边可以加no matter。 【例句】You’ll have to do it, (no matter) whether you like it or not. 3）whatever, whenever, whoever, whichever和however引导让步状语从句, 相当于no matter what (when, where, who, which,和how)，意思是：“无论什么，无论何时，无论何处，无论谁，无论哪一个，无论如何”，表示无论在什么条件下进行随意的选择。 【例1】Whatever (No matter what) happens, we shall never lose our heart. 1）as…as, the same as和such…as 用于表示同等程度的比较，否定句用not so(as)…as, not the same…as, not such…as。 【例1】The movie was not so interesting as we had expected. 【例2】She sings too loudly, the same as her teacher does. 2）as和than 连接的比较状语从句常常省去与主句相同的部分，只留下相比的部分。 【例句】Actions speak louder than words. 3）在as和than连接的从句中，常用替代词do或其它助动词或情态动词的某种形式代替与主句相同的谓语部分。【例句】Emily studies as hard as Amy does. 1）as引导的方式状语从句通常位于主句后。(just) as…so…引导的方式状语从句常位于句首，这时as从句带有比喻的含义，意思是 “犹如……”，“就像”，多用于正式文体。 【例1】The child did everything as he was told to. 【例2】Just as the moon goes round the earth, so the earth revolves around the sun. 2）as if, as though 两者的意义和用法相同，引出的状语从句谓语多用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反。有时也用陈述语气，表示所说情况是事实或实现的可能性较大。汉语常译作 “仿佛……似的”，“好像……似的”。 【例句】It looks as if the weather may pick up very soon. * * * * * * * * * * * （3）whenever意为“无论什么时候，每当……”。【例】You can come over whenever you have free time. （4）as强调主句和从句的动作在同一时间或一先一后紧接着发生；还可表示某事发生的过程中另一事发生，从句可用进行时态；有时还表示“随着”的含义。 【例】He gets more attractive as he gets older. （5）while指的是“在某一段时间里”、“在……期间”，所指时间范围较大一些。while只能表示持续性的动作或状态，它也强调主句和从句动作同时发生。【例】Her neighbor came to look after her child while she was away. （6）有时，when引导的从句位于主句之后，相当于一个由and连