ICU离职护士状况调查及相关因素分析.docVIP

ICU离职护士状况调查及相关因素分析 　　【摘要】 目的：分析ICU护士离职原因，为ICU护理管理提供改善人力资源管理的依据。方法：通过实地走访、电话或电子邮件等形式收集离职护士的基本资料及离职原因，经过分析提出降低ICU护士离职率的对策。结果：ICU护士离职与年龄、学历、任职方式等因素有关；ICU护理工作任务重、压力大；ICU护理风险大、极易发生差错事故；ICU护士薪酬待遇低，与工作付出不成比例；ICU护理工作环境封闭、气氛压抑。结论：合理配置人员，减轻护士工作量；增加岗位人员配置，杜绝差错事故；按绩效考核，提高ICU护士待遇；加强ICU护士的业余生活，重视护士的心理素质等是减少ICU护士离职的重要措施。 　　【关键词】 ICU； 护士； 离职； 原因； 对策 　　The Cross-sectional Study and Analysis of Related Factor of Turnover for Nurses in ICU/ XUE Yan-ping，WANG Bin-quan.// Medical Innovation of China，2013，10（14）：131-133 　　【Abstract】 Objective：To analyze the reasons of turnover for nurses in ICU，to offer basis on improving human resources management for managements of nursing in ICU.Method：To collect the basic information and the reasons of turnvver by site visits，phone calls or E-mail for the nurses who turnvver，to provide the strategies for reducing the turnover rate of nurses in ICU.Result：The reason of turnover were related with age，educational background and position of nurses，et al.The nurses task was heavy and the high pressure.The high nursing risk so easy to happen mistake.The low salary and welfare was disproportionate with the work.The work environment was airtight and the atmosphere was depressing.Conclusion：The strategies of reducing turnover rate of ICU nurses are suggested as follows：to rationally arrange the nurses and reduce the nurse workload；to increase the position of nurses and eliminate errors accident；to improve the salary and welfare according to performance appraisal；to strengthen the spare life of nurses in ICU and pay attention to the psychological quality of nurses. 　　【Key words】 ICU； Nurse； Turnover； Reason； Strategies 　　First-author’s address： Graduate School of Shanxi Medical University，Taiyuan 030001，China 　　doi：10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2013.14.076 　　离职是指在特定组织领取工资和奖金且与该组织有劳动关系的个人结束其与组织的这种关系的行为[1]。护士离职是一个世界范围内普遍存在的问题，是造成护士短缺和护理质量下降的主要原因[2]。ICU（Intensive Care Unit的缩写）即重症加强护理病房，是集现代化医疗护理技术为一体的医疗组织管理形式。ICU把危重患者集中起来，在人力、物力和技术上给予最佳保障，以期得到良好的救治效果。ICU设有