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K6 Lipoproteins lipoproteins 脂蛋白 apolipoprotein 载指蛋白 chylomicron (CM) 乳糜微粒 very low density lipoprotein(VLDL)极低密度脂蛋白 intermediate density lipoprotein 中间密度脂蛋白 low density lipoprotein (LDL) 低密度脂蛋白 high density lipoprotein (HDL) 高密度脂蛋白 atherosclerosis 动脉粥样硬化 familial hypercholesterolemia 家族性高胆固醇血症 1 Structure and function Triacylglycerols, phospholipids and cholesterol are relatively insoluble in aqueous solution (水溶液). Hence, they are transported around the body in the blood as components of lipoproteins. The protein components of lipoproteins are called apolipoproteins (apo,载脂蛋白). 疏水核心 亲水外壳 超离心法分类 电泳法分类 乳糜微粒(chylomicrons, CM) 乳糜微粒(CM) 极低密度脂蛋白(VLDL)(very low density lipoproteins) 前?-脂蛋白(pre-?-Lp) 中间密度脂蛋白(IDL)(Intermediate density Lp) 中间?-脂蛋白 低密度脂蛋白(LDL)(low density Lp) ?-脂蛋白(?-Lp) 高密度脂蛋白(HDL)(high density Lp) ?-脂蛋白(?-Lp) Separation of plasma lipoproteins by electrophoresis on agarose gel 组成份 CM VLDL LDL HDL 蛋白质 2 9 21 50 甘油三酯(TG) 80-95 50-70 11 4 胆固醇(Ch) 2 7 8 2 胆固醇酯(CE) 5 12 40-42 20 磷脂(PL) 7 18 22 24 人空腹血浆中含量(mg/dl) 痕量 130~200 200~400 50~130 electron microscope The function of lipoprotein CM: They transport dietary (exogenous) triacylglycerols and cholesterol from the intestines to other tissues in the body. VLDL: transport internally produced (endogenous) triacylglycerols and cholesterol from the liver to the tissues. LDL: transport cholesterol from the liver to the tissues. HDL: transport endogenous cholesterol from the tissues to the liver. 2 Chylomicrons 3 hydrolyzed by lipoprotein lipase 1 synthesis 2 mature 4 form CM remnant 5 receptor- mediated endocytosis CMs are synthesized in the intestine. 3 VLDLs, IDLs and LDLs The synthesis of VLDL 1 synthesis 2 mature 3 hydrolyzed by lipoprotein lipase 4 form IDL 5 form LDL LDL metabolism Lev
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