《国际经济与贸易第十四版1.pptVIP

Information Sites What is IT About Its role in the systematization of Economics What does IT study? The gain from trade The pattern of trade Policy choice: Balance between free trade and protectionism The framework of the IT Its role in the systematization of Economics The gain from trade When countries sell goods and services to one another ,this is almost always to their mutual benefit——that is to say, there are gains from the trade. The pattern of trade Policy choice The Framework of IT Fundamental Knowledge of IT Conception Measurement VolumeValue Trade Balance Terms of Trade Dependence Degree of Trade Classify Conception International Trade(from the point of view of world) Foreign trade(from the point of view of single country) Export and Import Trading Partner Export and Import Imports are goods and services purchased from foreign sources. The U.S. imports over $1 trillion worth of goods and services. Total imports represent 12% of total GDP. Exports are goods and services sold to foreign buyers. Exports were just under $700 billion in 2000. Exports account for about 11% of total output. Exports in Relation to GDP External Trade Performance in China (1978-2002) Merchandise trade partner of the U.S. by region and economy, 2000 Volume=Value/Price Index P0Q1=P1Q1÷ (P1 /P0) Balance of trade(X-M) Imports and exports are seldom equal. The trade balance is the difference between exports and imports. X＝Export M=Import Favorable balance (Surplus)——X-M0 Trade surplus — the amount by which the value of exports exceeds the value of imports in a given time period. Balance of trade(X-M) Unfavorable balance (Deficit)——X-M0 Trade deficit — the amount by which the value of imports exceeds the value of exports in a given time period Any imbalance in trade in the world must be offset by reverse balances elsewhere in the world. State(China USA) Trade Balances of US The U.S. typically has merchandise deficit, a services surplus, and an overall