《计算机专业英语》部分文章翻译.doc

Communication channels are an essential element of every communication system. These channels actually carry the data from one computer to another. There are two categories of communication channels. One category connects sending and receiving devices by providing a physical connection such as a wire or cable. The other category is wireless. 通信管道对于每一个通信系统来说是一个至关重要的元素。这些管道实际上把数据从一台计算机传输到另一台。有两个类别的通信管道。一类是有线，另一类是无线。 PHYSICAL CONNECTIONS Physical connections use a solid medium to connect sending and receiving devices. These connections include telephone lines (twisted pair), coaxial cable,and fiber-optic cable. 物理连接使用固体介质连接、发送和接收设备。这些连接包括电话线路(双绞线)、同轴电缆和光纤电缆。 Telephone lines you see strung on poles consist of twisted-pair cable,which is made up of hundreds of copper wires. A single twisted pair culminates in a wall jack into which you can plug your phone and computer. (See Figure 9-3.) Telephone lines have been the standard transmission medium for years for both voice and data. However, they are now being phased out by more technically advanced and reliable media.Coaxial cable, a high-frequency transmission cable, replaces the multiple wires of telephone lines with a single solid-copper core. (See Figure 9-4.) In terms of the number of telephone connections, a coaxial cable has over 80 times the transmission capacity of twisted pair.Coaxial cable is used to deliver television signals as well as to connect computers in a network.. 你所看到的电话线，是由上百根铜线缠绕而成的双绞线。双绞线的一个端口是固定电话,当然也可以插在手机和电脑上。电话线作为一个标准传输媒介，多年一来一直在负责语音和数据的传输。然而,他们现在已经被更先进、可靠的媒体所淘汰了。同轴电缆、高频传输电缆,取代了多个连接的电话线。在传输能力方面,一个同轴电缆是双绞线传输容量的80倍。同轴电缆先主要用于提供电视信号以及连接网络的电脑. . Fiber-optic cable transmits data as pulses of light through tiny tubes of glass. (See Figure 9-5.) In terms of the number of telephone connections,fiber-optic cable has over 26,000 times the transmission capacity of twisted-pair cable. Compared to coaxial cable, they are lighter and more reliable at transmitting data. They transmit inform