初三英语寒假专题——主谓一致外研社（初中起点）.docVIP

初三英语寒假专题——主谓一致外研社（初中起点） 【本讲教育信息】 一. 教学内容： 寒假专题——主谓一致 ［具体过程］ [有关“主谓一致”的尝试] 1. 语法形式上要一致，即单复数形式与谓语要一致 2. 意义上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致 3. 就近原则，即谓语动词的单复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语。 [“主谓一致”的应用] 1. 并列结构作主语时谓语用复数 Reading and writing are very important. ★当主语由and连接时，如果它表示一个单一的概念，即指同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，and此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。 The writer and professor is very famous. 【试一试】The writer and the professor ________ very famous 【思考】许多信息和消息都是用英语写的 2. 主谓一致中的就近原则 ⑴当there be句型的主语是一系列事物时，谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。 There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk. There are twenty boy-students and twenty-three girl-students in the class. 【扩展】here is/are 句型 如果句子是由here, there引导，而主语又不止一个时，谓语通常也和最邻近的主语一致。Here is a pen, a few envelops and some paper for you. Here _____ a book and two pens. Here _____ two pens and a book. ⑵当either…or…与neither…nor…连接两个主语时，谓语动词与最邻近的主语保持一致。 Either you or she is going to the USA. 【思考】将此句变成一般疑问句 【思考】还有哪些词或短语也有此种用法？ 3. 谓语动词与前面的主语一致 当主语后面跟有with, together with, like, except, but, as well as等词引起的短语时，谓语动词与前面的主语一致。 The teacher together with some students is visiting the factory. 【思考】He as well as I ________(want) to go boating. Many families like my family __________ very big. Everyone except you and me __________ going to the park tomorrow 4. 谓语需用单数 ⑴代词each和由every, some, no, any等构成的复合代词作主语，或主语中含有each, every，谓语需用单数。 Each of us has a tape-recorder. There is something wrong with my watch. 【试一试】Someone _______ following me. We each ___________ China. 【总结】 ⑵当主语是一本书或一条格言时，谓语动词常用单数。 Red Star over China is a book known to all of us. ⑶表示金钱、时间、价格或度量衡的复合名词作主语时，通常把这些名词看作一个整体，谓语一般用单数。 Three weeks was used for writing the paper. Ten yuan is enough. 5. 指代意义决定谓语的单复数 ⑴由what, which, who, none, some, any, more, most, all等代词引导的句子的单复数由其指代的词的单复数决定 All is right. （一切顺利） 【试一试】 1） Are the students in the classroom? Yes, all _______ in the classroom. 2）I have the news , some _______ good, others ________ bad. 3）Most of the water ______ dirty. 4）Most of the students __________ league members. ⑵集体名词作主语时，谓语的数要根据主语的意思来决定。