Cells The Building Blocks of Life St细胞生命的基石圣. Clairsville Home.ppt

Cells: The Building Blocks of Life What is Life? An organism is a living thing. Six characteristics of all living things are: Cellular organization Contain similar chemicals Use energy Grow and develop Respond to their surroundings Reproduce Cells are the basic building blocks of all living things. The basic unit of structure and function. Cellular organization Cells Tissue Organs Organ systems Unicellular An organism with only one cell. Multicellular An organism with many cells. Chemicals of Life Water is the most abundant chemical in cells. Proteins and lipids are the building materials of cells. Nucleic acids are the genetic material that direct the cell’s activities. Carbohydrates provide the cell with energy. Cells use energy for all life processes. Ex: grow, repair cells, Digest food, respond to stimuli, reproduce Growth- the process of becoming larger. Development- the process of change that occurs during and organism’s life. Response to Surroundings Stimulus- A change in an organism’s surroundings that causes an organism to react. Example: light, sound, temperature, chemicals, pressure, etc. Response- An action or change in behavior due to a stimulus. Example: blinking, shivering, sweating, jumping, crying, pupils changing shape, etc. Reproduction Produce offspring that are similar to the parents. Life Comes From Life Spontaneous Generation-mistaken theory that living things arise from nonliving things. Experiments to disprove spontaneous generation. Francesco Redi Flies do not spontaneously arise from decaying meat. Louis Pasteur Spontaneous generation does not occur with bacteria. Redi’s Experiment Manipulated (independent variable) was the covering on the jar. Pasteur’s Experiment Manipulated (independent variable) was boiling the broth in one flask. The Needs of Living Things Energy Water Living space Stable internal conditions (homeostasis) Organisms use food as their source of energy. Autotrophs- (auto means self; troph means feeder