毕业论文-张林-副本要素.doc

攀枝花学院本科毕业设计（论文） 石墨烯的制备与应用研究 学生姓名：冉攀 学生学号：201210904045 院 （系）：生物与化学工程学院 年级专业：2012级应用化学 指导教师： 王丝丝 老师 二〇一六年五月  摘 要 在21世纪，‘石墨烯（Graphene）在材料领域成为一颗耀眼的新星。他的结构是由一种碳原子通过sp2杂化轨道组成的平面薄膜，只有一个碳原子厚度的二维材料。由于石墨烯具有薄膜、聚合物、胶体以及两性分子等的特性，所以其在材料方面应用十分广泛。根据最新资料表明，石墨烯的制备过程中由于较难还原造成其产率相对较低。这也阻碍了石墨烯产业的进一步发展。 本实验通过不同的氧化剂、还原剂、反应温度、超声时间试图去寻找石墨烯的最佳反应条件。然后通过对石墨烯进行化学物理改性制备了一系列重金属离子吸附材料，并就其水溶液的吸附性能进行了研究。首先以鳞片石墨与膨胀石墨为原料，加入氧化剂将其转化成氧化石墨，经过超声波后将氧化石墨转换成单层薄片，通过不同还原剂将其还原成石墨烯，再将石墨烯制备成壳聚糖-石墨烯复合材料，然后研究复合材料的吸附性能。 关键词 石墨烯，氧化石墨烯，复合材料，氧化剂，还原剂  ABSTRACT In twenty-first Century, Graphene in the field of materials to become a dazzling star. His structure is composed of a plane thin film composed of a carbon atom through the SP2 hybrid orbitals, and only a two-dimensional material with a carbon atom thickness. Because graphene has the characteristics of thin films, polymers, colloids, and other molecules, so it is widely used in materials. According to the latest data, it is indicated that the yield of graphene is relatively low due to the hard reduction during the preparation of graphene. This also hindered the further development of graphene industry. In this experiment, we tried to find the best reaction conditions of graphene by different oxidizing agents, reducing agents, reaction temperature and time of ultrasound. Then a series of heavy metal ion adsorption materials were prepared by chemical and physical modification of graphene, and the adsorption properties of the aqueous solution were studied. First to flake graphite and expanded graphite as raw materials and with the addition of oxidizing agent translates into graphite oxide, after ultrasonic will graphite oxide converted into single sheet, by different reducing agents to restore graphene, graphene preparation in preparing chitosan graphene composite material, then study the adsorption properties of the composite. Keywords Graphene, graphene oxide, composite, oxid