休闲论文：十九世纪空想社会主义休闲思想探析.docVIP

休闲论文：十九世纪空想社会主义休闲思想探析 【中文摘要】人们对休闲的认识有着悠久的历史,十九世纪三大空想家在论述理想的社会制度的同时也展述了许多合理的休闲思想,追本溯源,这些空想社会主义休闲思想不是完全臆想的。其中主要以古希腊时期柏拉图为代表的休闲思想,中世纪时期的圣·本尼迪克特、托马斯·阿奎那等的休闲思想,16—17世纪托马斯·莫尔、托马斯·康帕内拉、托马斯·闵采尔以及温斯坦莱为代表的空想社会主义休闲思想,18世纪梅叶、马布利、摩莱里以及巴贝夫的空想社会主义休闲思想为历史主线发展而来。十九世纪三大空想家的休闲思想正是在继承了前人优秀的休闲思想的基础上发展起来的,它们是科学社会主义休闲思想的直接源头,思想极其丰富。十九世纪三大空想家不仅高度重视缩短劳动时间,为劳动的休闲化创造切实的社会制度保障,而且也将通过休闲及其自由和幸福体验来推进社会人际关系的和谐及人与自然关系的和谐,作为新社会的重要特征。与此同时,大力发展教育,以先进的文化内容帮助人们从容地享受自己劳动创造的丰富生活,积极地利用充裕的自由时间,真正实现人的全面发展,这也是空想家们梦寐以求的理想。马克思对异化劳动和雇佣劳动的批判中隐喻了休闲的思想,将空想家们的休闲思想置于科学的基础上；同时在未来社会主义——共产主义社会中人的生存状态中凸显了休闲对于人的自由发展的重要意义。通过分析三大空想家的休闲思想有助于理解马克思怎样通过唯物史观和剩余价值理论这两大基石实现了对三大空想家休闲思想的创造性提升,以及科学社会主义的理想休闲构想及其实现途径。 【英文摘要】People’s understanding of leisure has a long history, while the three visionary in 19 century discuss the ideal social system, they also discuss many reasonable leisure thought, trace to its source, this utopian socialism leisure thought is not just fanciful. They developed from the historical along a main line,which including the leisure thought in ancient greece that take Plato the chart as representative, the leisure thought of Saint Augustine, Saint Benedict and Thomas Aquinas in the Middle Ages, the utopian socialism leisure thought that represented by Thomas More, Tommaso Campanella, Thomas Muenzer and Gerrard Winstanley in 16-17 century, and represented by Jean Meyer, Mably, Morelly and Babeuf in 18 century.The leisure thought of the three visionary in 19 century developed on the basis of the inheriting the previous outstanding leisure thought, the direct source of the scientific socialism leisure thought, also they have the rich content.The three visionary, they not only attach reat importance to reduce the working time and creates the practical social system safeguard for the leisure in work, also they through the leisure, freedom and happiness to promoting the harmonious interpersonal relationship and the harmony of man and nature, which as an important feature of the new society. At the same time, vigor