国际金融名词解释课后答案..docVIP

2013.1国际金融名词解释 1.Official settlements balance or Overall Balance 官方结算差额（综合账户差额 The overall balance(B) equals the sum of the current account balance(CA) plus the private capital account balance(FA). B=CA+FA. 综合账户差额等于经常账户(CA)加上私人资本账户余额(FA)。 Dirty Float or Managed Float 肮脏浮动（有管理的浮动） Governments often do not allow a clean float,but rather take actions like official intervention to manage or dirty the float.This policy approach--an exchange rate that is generally floating(or flexible)but with the government willing to intervene to attempt to influence the market rate--is called a dirty float(or a managed float). 各国政府一般不允许汇率完全自由浮动，而是采取官方干预对汇率的浮动进行管理。汇率基本上是浮动的（或灵活的），但同时政府又通过干预试图影响市场汇率，这种政策被称为肮脏浮动（有管理的浮动）。 3.Crawling peg 爬行钉住 The government decides to fix local currency to gold or a single other currency or a basket of other currencies, and decides the width of a band around the central fixed rate,the exchange rate has some flexibility around this par value but the flexibility is limited by the size of the band.If the government often changes the fixed rate,the approach is called a crawling peg. 政府决定将本币与黄金或某种单独货币或一篮子货币挂钩，并确定中心固定汇率波动的区间宽度，汇率可围绕法定平价上下波动，波动受到波动区间宽度的限制。如果政府经常调整汇率，那么便是爬行钉住汇率。 4.Sterilized Intervention 冲销式干预 It is the government makes transactions in the foreign exchange market and at the same time use other monetary policy tools (mainly is the open market operation in the national debt market ) to offset the effects of the former in the money supply, so that the money supply stay the same.The influence of the policy measures by offsetting foreign exchange market transactions in the money supply are called sterilized measures. And by just taking sterilized measures in order to maintain a fixed exchange rate is called sterilized Intervention. 是指政府在外汇市场上进行交易的同时，通过其他货币政策工具（主要是在国债市场上的公开市场业务）来抵销前者对货币供应量的影响，从而使货币供应量维持不变的外汇市场干预行为。为抵销外汇市场交易对货币供应量的影响而采用的政策措施被称为冲销措施 5.Official Intervention官方干预 The government often is not willing to let the rate go whenever p