初三英语动词不定式人教版＋朗文知识精讲.docVIP

初三英语动词不定式人教版＋朗文 【同步教育信息】 一. 本周教学内容： 复习动词不定式作表语、宾语、宾语补足语、状语和作定语。 一. 动词不定式放在谓语动词be后面就是作表语。 e.g. Our duty is to study hard for the people. 连系动词 作表语 Her wish is to become a teacher. 她的愿望是成为一名教师。（作表语） 所以不定式作表语的结构是： 谓语动词be+ to do The most important thing is to practise speaking English as often as possible. 尽可能经常练习讲英语是最重要的。 二. 动词不定式在及物动词后面就是作宾语。我们已经学过的动词有：want, wish, hope, agree, plan, try, start, begin, decide, learn, like, know, help等等。 e.g. Mrs Li wants to take these books to the office. 李老师想把这些书带到办公室去。 I like to play computer games in my free time. 我喜欢在业余时间玩电子游戏。 重点：有些及物动词后面还可以跟带有疑问代词（what, which, who, whose等）或疑问副词（how, why, where, when等）的不定式作宾语。 e.g. Sam didn’t know which book to choose. 山姆不知道该选择哪一本书。 The teacher couldn’t decide when to have a quiz. 老师不能决定什么时候进行测试。 注意： A. 只有及物动词后面的不定式才叫不定式作宾语，而不及物动词后面的不定式叫作状语。 e.g. Linda decided to learn a second foreign language. 琳达决定学另外一种外国语。 decide是及物动词，to learn 是不定式作宾语。 The students often go to see Uncle Wang. go是不及物动词，to see是不定式作目的状语。 B. 如果有疑问词，必须放在不定式之前。 e.g. Mary doesn’t know what to do next. 玛丽不知道下一步该干什么。 Did anyone tell you when to have a sports meeting? 有人告诉你什么时间开运动会了吗？ C. it作形式宾语，真正的宾语to do sth. 放在后面，请记住这个句型，think /find + it + adj. + to do sth. e.g. I find it difficult to understand him. 我发现很难理解他。 Mother thinks it important to master English. 母亲认为掌握英语很重要。 The child found it very hard to get to the top of the mountain. 孩子发现到达山顶很难。 三. 动词不定式作宾语补足语的结构是：谓语动词加宾语（名词或代词），再跟一个不定式，形成一个复合结构。 e.g. tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人做某事 ask sb. to do sth. 请某人做某事 wish sb. to do sth. 希望某人做某事 would like sb. to do sth. 愿意某人做某事 teach sb. to do sth. 教某人做某事 order sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事 动词不定式的否定形式是在不定式前加not. e.g. tell sb. not to do sth. 告诉/叫某人不要做某事 The policeman told the boys not to play in the street. 警察叫男孩们别在街上玩。