城镇化进程中的生态环境问题及对策..doc

城镇化进程中的生态环境问题及对策 ——以怀化市为例 （湖南城市学院 谢凯华） 摘要：城镇化是人类社会发展的自然历史过程，是现代化的重要标志。党的十八大以来，突出“新型城镇化”，强调以人为本、集约高效和绿色智能，把城镇化与环境保护和生态文明建设结合起来。怀化市以省域次中心城市作为现阶段发展目标，在城镇化建设飞速发展的同时，生态环境的保护日益受到关注。本文以怀化市城镇化进程中引发岩石圈、大气圈和水圈的生态环境问题为出发点，具体分析怀化市城镇化进程中，造成耕地面积减少、水土流失、大气污染、温室效应、水源污染等生态环境问题的原因，并针对造成环境污染的原因，提出相关对策，为落实怀化市委四届十次全委（扩大）会议提出的奋力实施“一极两带”和“一个中心、四个怀化”发展战略，提供相关依据。 关键词：城镇化 生态环境问题 怀化市 原因 对策 Abstract Urbanization is a natural historical process of the development of human society. It is an important symbol of modernization. Since the eighteen party, highlighting the new urbanization, emphasizing people-oriented, intensive and efficient and green smart, the urbanization and environmental protection and ecological civilization construction combined. Huaihua City, the provincial center city as the current stage of development goals, the rapid development of urbanization at the same time, the protection of the ecological environment has been increasingly concerned. This paper in Huaihua city urbanization caused the ecological and environmental problems in the lithosphere, atmosphere and hydrosphere as a starting point, specific analysis of Huaihua City, the process of urbanization, resulting in cultivated land area reduce, soil erosion, air pollution, greenhouse effect, water pollution etc. ecological and environmental problems, and for the cause of environmental pollution, and puts forward relevant countermeasures, in order to implement the Huaihua Municipal Party committee of the Tenth Plenary (enlarged) meeting of the struggling to implement the two belts and development strategy of one center and four Huaihua provide according to the relevant. Key Words:Urbanization; Ecological environment problem; Huaihua; Reason; Countermeasure 目 录 TOC \o 1-4 \h \u  HYPERLINK \l _Toc18104 1引言 4  HYPERLINK \l _Toc10317 2城镇化进程中存在的生态环境问题 4  HYPERLINK \l _Toc16833 2.1对岩石圈层面的影响 4  HYPERLINK \l _Toc24827 2.1.1耕地面积减少 5  HYPERLINK \l _Toc3581 2.1.2水土流失 5  HYPERLIN