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PersonalityTheories-pp.380-404-May性格心理学之16PersonalityTheories-pp.380-404-May性格心理学之16
Personality Theories-8th Edition
Chapter 14- Existential Psychoanalysis
-existentialism and psychoanalysis grew out of the same cultural situation
-both seek to understand anxiety, despair and the alienation
-problem went deeper than neurotic repression
-Kierkegaard, Nietzsche and other forerunners of the existentialist position believed that forces of disintegration were gradually destroying individuals’ inner emotional and spiritual life-producing despair and alienation from self and society
-May brings together psychoanalytic tradition in psych and the existentialist movement in philosophy
-father of American existential psychology
-helped underscore the importance of philosophy, values and the theory of personality
ROLLO MAY (1909-1994)
-born in Ada, Ohio, grew up in Marine City, Michigan
-came to hate the disease of anti-intellectualism
-Graduated from Oberlin College-received A.B. in 1930
-impact from Greek philosophy and mythology
-went to Vienna and studied briefly with Adler
-Europe’s tragic view of human nature prevented May from ever accepting a mechanistic concept of the person
-American psychology seemed naive and simplistic after return to US
-enrolled at Union Theological Seminary in NY-intent in asking questions
-meanings of despair, suicide, anxiety and learn counterparts: courage, joy and intensity of living
-parents divorced while at Union-served as an advisor to students at Michigan State college
-received B.D. in 1938
-Columbia university- Ph.D. in clinical psychology
-Tuberculosis in his early thirties-no medication at that time-read a lot
-illness helped him to appreciate an existential point of view
-Book The Meaning of Anxiety by May- encourage a genuine union between psychology and philosophy and to demonstrate the importance of values for psychology
The Existential Attitude:
-Existentialism-movement in contemporary philosophy and psychology that sprang up spontaneously in different parts of Europe and among different schools of tho
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