基于单片机的应急灯控制设计教案分析.doc

基于单片机的应急灯控制设计 13 3.1 电源模块 13 3.1.1 主电电路 14 3.1.2 Li电池模块 15 3.2 单片机模块 18 3.2.1 器件选型 19 3.2.2 分析电路 24 3.3 通信模块 24 3.3.1 器件选型 25 3.3.2 分析电路 28 4 软件分析 29 4.1 主控制器软件设计 29 4.2 应急灯单元软件设计 29 4.2.1电池检测软件流程图 30 5 抗干扰措施 32 5.1 抗干扰技术 32 5.1.1 串模干扰及其抑制方法 32 5.1.2 共模干扰及其抑制方法 33 5.1.3 长线传输干扰及其抑制方法 34 5.2 抗干扰措施的设计 34 结论 35 谢辞 36 参考文献 37 基于单片机的应急灯控制器设计 摘要:本文设计了一种基于单片机的应急灯控制器。该设计以MCS-51单片机为核心,符合消防应急灯具国家标准GBl7945-2000。论文首先分析了消防应急疏散照明的技术背景及目前的发展现状和未来的发展趋势,说明设计的意义及目标。接着介绍了常用消防应急灯的分类,着重说明了自带电源消防应急灯具的工作原理,提出了符合国家标准的总体结构框图。随后,合理的选择了主要器件,给出了三个关键模块的具体电路图,包括电源模块、单片机模块和通信模块,并分析其工作原理,实现了掉电检测与电源转换、电池状态检测、光源状态检测以及RS-485通信等功能。在软件设计方面,分析了控制器的工作逻辑,画出了系统主程序框图和电池开路、短路及正常状态分析流程图。最后讨论了串模干扰、共模干扰及长线传输干扰,并介绍隔离、屏蔽以及滤波的抗干扰措施。 关键词:单片机,应急灯,消防,RS-485通信 A Design of MCU-based Controller of Emergency Luminary Abstract:This paper presents an emergency luminary controller based on single-chip microcomputer. The design uses the MCS-51 microcontroller as the core and meets the requirement of the national standards for fire emergency luminary GBl7945-2000. Firstly, the technical background, the current study and the development trend of the fire emergency evacuation lighting as well as the significance and the objectives of this design are expound. Then, the classification of the fire emergency luminary widely used and the principle of self-powered emergency luminary for fire fighting are highlighted. The overall structure diagram according to the national standard is also presented. Subsequently, after the key devices were reasonably chosen, the specific circuit diagram of three important modules including the power modules, the CPU module and the photo-electrical isolated communication module are presented. The operation of every module is analyzed. The functions of power-down detection, power conversion, battery state detection, lighting LED state inspection and RS-485 communication are achieved. In the design of software, the work logic of the controller and the main block diagram of the system are introduced.